Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34545788›Full record

ReviewEmerging infectious diseases2021

Antimicrobial Resistance in Africa-How to Relieve the Burden on Family Farmers.

Christian Ducrot, Alexandre Hobeika, Christian Lienhardt, Barbara Wieland, Charlotte Dehays, Alexis Delabouglise, Marion Bordier, Flavie Goutard, Ekta Patel, Muriel Figuié and 3 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Emerging infectious diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Microorganisms · 2023
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Christian Ducrot
Alexandre Hobeika
Christian Lienhardt
Barbara Wieland
Charlotte Dehays
Alexis Delabouglise
Marion Bordier
Flavie Goutard
Ekta Patel
Muriel Figuié
Marisa Peyre
Arshnee Moodley
François Roger

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Although currently available data indicate that Africa has the lowest usage of antimicrobials in animals in the world (adjusted by animal biomass), data show a high prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in foodborne pathogens isolated from animals and animal products. Apart from the lack of solid data on antimicrobial use in many countries in Africa, different hypotheses could explain this situation. Qualitative interviews of farmers show a lack of knowledge and uninformed use of antimicrobials. Considering the development of animal farming to meet an increasing demand for proteins, this deficiency represents a serious public health issue. We advocate for policies that consider the specific challenges faced by family farmers in Africa, to simultaneously improve access to veterinary drugs while strengthening the regulation of their use. We propose a global approach targeting the agri-food system, offering innovative social and technical interventions on antimicrobial usage, adapted to family farmers.

Indexed as

Anti-Infective AgentsFarmersAnimalsAnti-Bacterial AgentsDrug Resistance, BacterialHumansPublic HealthAnti-Bacterial AgentsAnti-Infective AgentsAfricaantibiotic resistanceantimicrobial resistanceantimicrobialsfamily farmersfarms animals

Identifiers

PMID34545788
PMCPMC8462342

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.