Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34545214›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of clinical nutrition2022

Association between sugar and starch intakes and type 2 diabetes risk in middle-aged adults in a prospective cohort study.

Rieko Kanehara, Atsushi Goto, Norie Sawada, Tetsuya Mizoue, Mitsuhiko Noda, Azumi Hida, Motoki Iwasaki, Shoichiro Tsugane

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In one paragraph

Article in European journal of clinical nutrition, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.3field-weighted citation impact, top 18% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Rieko KaneharaEpidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4735-9913
Atsushi GotoEpidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan. agoto@yokohama-cu.ac.jp.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0669-654X
Norie SawadaEpidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9936-1476
Tetsuya MizoueDepartment of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan.
Mitsuhiko NodaDepartment of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan.
Azumi HidaDepartment of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan.
Motoki IwasakiEpidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.
Shoichiro TsuganeEpidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4105-2774
Tokyo University of Agriculture · JPNational Center for Global Health and Medicine · JPPrevention Group · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesWe aimed to investigate the association between sugar or starch intake and the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in middle-aged Japanese adults. SUBJECTS/

methodsParticipants comprised 27,797 men and 36,880 women aged 45-75 years with no history of diabetes and critical illness before the second survey in the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study. We calculated sugar (total sugar, total fructose, and sugar subtypes) and starch intakes (% energy/d) using a validated 147-item food frequency questionnaire, to estimate the average dietary intake over the previous year. T2D onset was defined by validated self-reports. ORs adjusted for potential confounders were estimated using multiple logistic regression with categorical and cubic spline models.

resultsDuring the 5-year follow-up, 690 men and 500 women were identified with T2D. In women, the quartiles of total sugar or total fructose intakes were not significantly associated with T2D risk; however, the spline curves showed an increased risk at extremely high intake levels (ORs [95% CI]: 1.88 [1.07-3.31] at 30% energy/d for total sugar and 1.87 [1.10-3.16] at 14% energy/d for total fructose). Starch intake was positively associated with T2D risk among women in the categorical and spline models (ORs [95% CI]: 1.55 [1.13-2.12] at 50% energy/d). In men, sugar and starch intakes were not associated with T2D risk.

conclusionsIn this large-scale population-based cohort study, starch intake was associated with an increased T2D risk in Japanese women. An increased risk with extremely high intake of total sugar or total fructose among women cannot be disregarded.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2SugarsAdultCohort StudiesDietDietary CarbohydratesFemaleFructoseHumansMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk FactorsStarchDietary CarbohydratesFructoseStarchSugars

Identifiers

PMID34545214
OpenAlexW3199940170

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.