Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34544507›Full record

ArticleEuropean psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists2021

Impact of smoking Behavior on cognitive functioning in persons at risk for psychosis and healthy controls: A longitudinal study.

Heleen S van der Heijden, Frederike Schirmbeck, Matthew J Kempton, Mark van der Gaag, Kelly Allott, Barnaby Nelson, Stephan Ruhrmann, Lieuwe de Haan, Jentien M Vermeulen, Eu-Gei High Risk Study

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Article in European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Heleen S van der HeijdenDepartment of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC (location AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-0707-5075
Frederike SchirmbeckDepartment of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC (location AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-1700-0958
Matthew J KemptonDepartment of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom.
Mark van der GaagPsychosis Research Institute, Parnassia Group, Hague, The Netherlands.
Kelly AllottCentre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
Barnaby NelsonCentre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-6263-2332
Stephan RuhrmannDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-6022-2364
Lieuwe de HaanDepartment of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC (location AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Jentien M VermeulenDepartment of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC (location AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-6245-6498
Eu-Gei High Risk Study

Funding

Medical Research Council MR/J008915/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe high prevalence of smoking in individuals who are at ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis is well known and moderate cognitive deficits have also been found in UHR. However, the association between smoking and cognition in UHR is unknown and longitudinal studies are lacking.

methodA cohort study with 330 UHR individuals and 66 controls was conducted, as part of the European network of national schizophrenia networks studying gene-environment interactions (EU-GEI). At baseline and after 6, 12, and 24 months, smoking behavior was assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview and cognitive functioning with a comprehensive test battery. Linear mixed-effects analyses were used to examine the multicross-sectional and prospective associations between (change in) smoking behavior and cognitive functioning, accounting for confounding variables.

resultsAt baseline, 53% of UHR and 27% of controls smoked tobacco. Smoking UHR and controls did not significantly differ from nonsmoking counterparts on the tested cognitive domains (speed of processing, attention/vigilance, working memory, verbal learning, or reasoning/problem solving) across different assessment times. Neither smoking cessation nor initiation was associated with a significant change in cognitive functioning in UHR.

conclusionsNo associations were found between smoking and cognitive impairment in UHR nor in controls. However, the fact that one in every two UHR individuals report daily use of tobacco is alarming. Our data suggest that UHR have fewer cognitive impairments and higher smoking cessation rates compared to patients with first-episode psychosis found in literature. Implications to promote smoking cessation in the UHR stage need further investigation.

Indexed as

Psychotic DisordersCognitionCohort StudiesHumansLongitudinal StudiesNeuropsychological TestsSmokingclinical high riskcognitionnicotinepsychosissmoking

Identifiers

PMID34544507
PMCPMC8516743

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.