ArticleJournal of translational medicine2021
A novel immune subtype classification of ER-positive, PR-negative and HER2-negative breast cancer based on the genomic and transcriptomic landscape.
Article in Journal of translational medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Investigation of immunohistochemical marker expression in breast cancer of varying severity and construction of a predictive model.Translational cancer research · 2026Article
- Macrophages in obesity-related breast cancer: mechanistic insights and therapeutic opportunities.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2025Review
- Multilevel classification framework for breast cancer cell selection and its integration with advanced disease models.iScience · 2025Review
- Systematic screening of metabolic pathways to identify two breast cancer subtypes with divergent immune characteristics.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Comparative analysis of statistical and deep learning-based multi-omics integration for breast cancer subtype classification.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- PLCH1 overexpression promotes breast cancer progression and predicts poor prognosis through the ERK1/2-EGR1 axis.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- The role of adjuvant endocrine treatment in ER+, PR-, HER2- early breast cancer: a retrospective study of real-world data.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Association of Inflammation and Immune Cell Infiltration with Estrogen Receptor Alpha in an Estrogen and Ionizing Radiation-Induced Breast Cancer Model.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Identification of the prognostic immune subtype in copy-number high endometrial cancer.Journal of gynecologic oncology · 2024Article
- Genetic and clinical landscape of ER + /PR- breast cancer in China.BMC cancer · 2023Article
- Multiomics insights on the onset, progression, and metastatic evolution of breast cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- Smart Nanoparticles for Breast Cancer Treatment Based on the Tumor Microenvironment.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
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5 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThe diversity and plasticity behind ER+/PR-/HER2- breast cancer have not been widely explored. It is essential to identify heterogeneous microenvironment phenotypes and investigate specific genomic events driving the formation of these phenotypes.
methodsBased on the immune-related gene expression profiles of 411 ER+/PR-/HER2- breast cancers in the METABRIC cohort, we used consensus clustering to identify heterogeneous immune subtypes and assessed their reproducibility in an independent meta-cohort including 135 patients collected from GEO database. We further analyzed the differences of cellular and molecular characteristics, and potential immune escape mechanism among immune subtypes. In addition, we constructed a transcriptional trajectory to visualize the distribution of individual patient.
resultsOur analysis identified and validated five reproducible immune subtypes with distinct cellular and molecular characteristics, potential immune escape mechanisms, genomic drivers, as well as clinical outcomes. An immune-cold subtype, with the least amount of lymphocyte infiltration, had a poorer prognosis. By contrast, an immune-hot subtype, which demonstrated the highest infiltration of CD8+ T cells, DCs and NK cells, and elevated IFN-γ response, had a comparatively favorable prognosis. Other subtypes showed more diverse gene expression and immune infiltration patterns with distinct clinical outcomes. Finally, our analysis revealed a complex immune landscape consisting of both discrete cluster and continuous spectrum.
conclusionOverall, this study revealed five heterogeneous immune subtypes among ER+/PR-/HER2- breast cancer, also provided important implications for clinical translations.
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