ArticleNeuro-oncology2022
TGF-β promotes microtube formation in glioblastoma through thrombospondin 1.
Article in Neuro-oncology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers.
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76 citing papers in PubMed, 105 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Combined multi-omics and multi-spectral profiling of plasma extracellular vesicles reveals liquid biopsy biomarkers for glioma diagnosis.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Modelling brain tumours with organoids: towards precision medicine in neuro-oncology.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2026Review
- Glioblastoma invasion into different organoid hosts reveals cell-intrinsic and proliferative migratory programs.iScience · 2026Article
- Fibulin-7 in progenitor cells promotes adipose tissue fibrosis and disrupts metabolic homeostasis in obesity.Protein & cell · 2026Article
- Development of a highly differentiated rat brain organoid model for exploring glioblastoma invasion dynamics and therapy.Neuro-oncology · 2026Article
- A Brain-Targeting Curcumin Analog Inhibits Glioblastoma Progression Through THBS1/TGF-β1/PI3K-AKT Axis Modulation: Evidence From Experimental and Bioinformatic Analyses.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Article
- SHH pathway inhibition and astrocyte co-culture induce distinct responses in glioblastoma and cancer stem cells.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Tropism Profiling of Lentiviral Vector Pseudotypes in Diverse Brain Tumor Models.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Pathological neural and immune synapses in glioblastoma progression: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in neural circuits · 2026Review
- Crosstalk in the brain tumor microenvironment: mechanisms, therapeutic strategies, and clinical advances.Military Medical Research · 2026Review
- Decoding autophagy in neuro-tumor crosstalk: from underlying mechanisms to translational opportunities.Theranostics · 2026Review
- Neuroscience in glioma biology (Review).Oncology reports · 2025Review
- Glioblastoma tumor microtubes and brain fatty acid-binding protein: Path to directional infiltration.Neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- Investigating the impact of MCTP2 on immune suppression and drug resistance in glioblastoma.Functional & integrative genomics · 2025Article
- Harnessing the role of transforming growth factor-β in glioblastoma: a focus on phytochemicals.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
- Neuro-Cancer Interactions Shape Glioma Intratumoral Heterogeneity.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Investigation of MANF regulation of glioma stemness via STAT3/TGF-β/SMAD4/p38 pathway based on pan-cancer analysis.Translational oncology · 2025Article
- Multiomic profiling of glioblastoma metabolic lesions reveals complex intratumoral genomic evolution and dipeptidase-1-driven vascular proliferation.Neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- Article
16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
33 authors at 13 institutions in 8 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMicrotubes (MTs), cytoplasmic extensions of glioma cells, are important cell communication structures promoting invasion and treatment resistance through network formation. MTs are abundant in chemoresistant gliomas, in particular, glioblastomas (GBMs), while they are uncommon in chemosensitive IDH-mutant and 1p/19q co-deleted oligodendrogliomas. The aim of this study was to identify potential signaling pathways involved in MT formation.
methodsBioinformatics analysis of TCGA was performed to analyze differences between GBM and oligodendroglioma. Patient-derived GBM stem cell lines were used to investigate MT formation under transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) stimulation and inhibition in vitro and in vivo in an orthotopic xenograft model. RNA sequencing and proteomics were performed to detect commonalities and differences between GBM cell lines stimulated with TGF-β.
resultsAnalysis of TCGA data showed that the TGF-β pathway is highly activated in GBMs compared to oligodendroglial tumors. We demonstrated that TGF-β1 stimulation of GBM cell lines promotes enhanced MT formation and communication via calcium signaling. Inhibition of the TGF-β pathway significantly reduced MT formation and its associated invasion in vitro and in vivo. Downstream of TGF-β, we identified thrombospondin 1 (TSP1) as a potential mediator of MT formation in GBM through SMAD activation. TSP1 was upregulated upon TGF-β stimulation and enhanced MT formation, which was inhibited by TSP1 shRNAs in vitro and in vivo.
conclusionTGF-β and its downstream mediator TSP1 are important mediators of the MT network in GBM and blocking this pathway could potentially help to break the complex MT-driven invasion/resistance network.
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