ArticleAndrology2022
Evaluation of the novel vaginal contraceptive agent PPCM in preclinical studies using sperm hyaluronan binding and acrosome status assays.
Article in Andrology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular interplay between sperm and oocyte: a narrative review.Human reproduction update · 2026Review
- Sperm-disrupting activity of a root bark fraction ofFrontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Non-hormonal Contraception: Current and Emerging Targets.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- Sperm Migration and Hyaluronic Acid Binding: Implications for Male Fertility Evaluation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Microbicides for Topical HIV Immunoprophylaxis: Current Status and Future Prospects.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Frequency, morbidity and equity - the case for increased research on male fertility.Nature reviews. Urology · 2024Review
- The urgent need for innovation in contraception.Biology of reproduction · 2023Article
- Optimizing the pipeline of multipurpose prevention technologies: opportunities across women's reproductive lifespans.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2023Review
- Evaluation of the novel vaginal contraceptive agent PPCM in preclinical studies using sperm hyaluronan binding and acrosome status assays.Andrology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPolyphenylene carboxymethylene (PPCM) sodium salt is a promising multipurpose technology for prevention of both sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and pregnancy. In preclinical studies, PPCM has demonstrated significant (1) antimicrobial activity against several important viral and bacterial pathogens and (2) contraceptive activity associated with premature acrosome loss.
objectiveTo further evaluate a vaginal antimicrobial compound as a contraceptive agent in preclinical studies utilizing a repurposed hyaluronan binding assay (HBA). MATERIALS AND
methodsSemen samples containing either neat semen or washed spermatozoa were treated with increasing concentrations of PPCM or calcium ionophore A23187 (positive control). Sperm inactivation was measured by two methods: (1) double acrosome staining (AS), and (2) a hyaluronan binding assay (HBA
resultsPPCM had a significant (p < 0.05) and dose-dependent effect on sperm inactivation in both assays, with HBA detecting a higher proportion of inactivated sperm than AS. PPCM did not affect sperm motility and exhibited equivalent responses in the neat and washed samples. DISCUSSION: Both HBA and AS confirmed that spermatozoa were rapidly inactivated at PPCM concentrations likely present in the vagina under actual use conditions and in a time-frame comparable to in vivo migration of spermatozoa out of seminal plasma into cervical mucus.
conclusionPPCM vaginal gel may provide contraceptive protection as well as help with STI prevention. HBA may be a sensitive and much needed biomarker for sperm activity in future contraceptive development.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.