ArticleFrontiers in medicine2021
Cotton and Surgical Face Masks in Community Settings: Bacterial Contamination and Face Mask Hygiene.
Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Physio-metabolic and clinical consequences of wearing face masks-Systematic review with meta-analysis and comprehensive evaluation.Frontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- Effects of Mask Reuse on the Oropharyngeal, Skin, and Mask Microbiome.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Trial
- Effects of Carboxymethylcellulose Artificial Tears on Ocular Surface Microbiome Diversity and Composition, A Randomized Controlled Trial.Translational vision science & technology · 2023Trial
- A scalable skin-friendly antibacterial radiative cooling textile against extreme heatwaves.Microsystems & nanoengineering · 2026Article
- ZnO-Functionalized Cotton Textiles with Enhanced Antibacterial Activity, Moisture Management, and Wear Comfort.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Risks and benefits of face masks in children.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Review
- Demonstration of a Home Laundering Method for Cloth Facepieces to Achieve Hygienic and Sustainable Reuse.New solutions : a journal of environmental and occupational health policy : NS · 2025Article
- Factors influencing bacterial viability on face masks and bactericidal effect of disinfection methods.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Facemask acne attenuation through modulation of indirect microbiome interactions.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2024Article
- The bacterial burden of worn face masks-observational research and literature review.Frontiers in public health · 2024Review
- Evaluation of the bacterial contamination of face masks worn by personnel in a center of COVID 19 hospitalized patients: A cross-sectional study.New microbes and new infections · 2023Article
- Medical Face Masks Do Not Affect Acid-Base Balance Yet Might Facilitate the Transmission ofInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Bacterial contamination on used face masks among nursing home healthcare personnel.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2023Article
- Legal obligation in the general population: face mask influence on endophthalmitis after intravitreal injection.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2023Article
- The nasal microbiome in patients suffering from non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs-exacerbated respiratory disease in absence of corticosteroids.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Bioburden Variation of Filtering Face Piece Respirators over Time: A Preliminary Study.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Mask-Induced Facial Dermatoses in the Saudi Arabian Population During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study.Cureus · 2022Article
- Isolation, Whole-Genome Sequencing, and Annotation of Two Antibiotic-Producing and -Resistant Bacteria, Enterobacter roggenkampii RIT 834 and Acinetobacter pittii RIT 835, from Disposable Masks Collected from the Environment.Microbiology resource announcements · 2022Article
- New Normal Mask-Wearing and Its Impact on Underneath Skin Microbiome: A Cross-Sectional Study in Mild Acne Vulgaris Patients.Skin appendage disorders · 2022Article
- Bacterial and fungal isolation from face masks under the COVID-19 pandemic.Scientific reports · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
During the current COVID-19 pandemic, the use of face masks has become increasingly recommended and even mandatory in community settings. To evaluate the risk of bacterial cross-contamination, this study analyzed the bacterial bioburden of disposable surgical masks and homemade cotton masks, and surveyed the habits and face mask preferences of the Flemish population. Using culture approaches and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, we analyzed the microbial community on surgical and/or cotton face masks of 13 healthy volunteers after 4 h of wearing. Cotton and surgical masks contained on average 1.46 × 10
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.