Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34540270›Full record

ArticleJournal of translational science2021

Serum levels of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in relation to HCC human biology and prognosis.

B I Carr, H Akkiz, H G Bag, U Karaoğullarından, K Yalçın, N Ekin, A Özakyol, E Altıntaş, H Y Balaban, H Şimşek and 7 more

Open access · diamondAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of translational science, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
1.3field-weighted citation impact, top 19% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.

B I Carrİnönü University, Malatya, Turkey.
H AkkizÇukurova University, Adana, Turkey.
H G Bagİnönü University, Malatya, Turkey.
U Karaoğullarındanİnönü University, Malatya, Turkey.
K YalçınDikle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey.
N EkinDikle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey.
A ÖzakyolEskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey.
E AltıntaşMersin University, Mersin, Turkey.
H Y BalabanHacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
H ŞimşekHacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
A UyanıkoğluHarran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey.
A BalkanGaziantep University, Gazientep, Turkey.
S KuranÇukurova University, Adana, Turkey.
O ÜsküdarÇukurova University, Adana, Turkey.
Y ÜlgerÇukurova University, Adana, Turkey.
B GüneyÇukurova University, Adana, Turkey.
A DelikÇukurova University, Adana, Turkey.
Cukurova University · TRInonu University · TRDicle University · TRHacettepe University · TREskişehir Osmangazi University · TRGaziantep University · TRHarran University · TRMersin Üniversitesi · TR

Funding

K VITAMINS--A NEW CLASS OF LIVER CELL GROWTH INHIBITORSR01CA082723 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI CARR, BRIAN I · 2000 to 2008
$2.3M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA082723
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

aimHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) biomarkers are limited, as even the best studied, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), is elevated in no more than 50% of HCC patients. The aim was to evaluate several serum liver function tests in relation to survival and tumor characteristics in a large cohort of Turkish HCC patients.

methodsWe retrospectively examined the serum levels of gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) in relation to patient survival.

resultsKaplan-Meier analysis showed that only GGT and albumin amongst liver function tests, were significantly associated with survival. Survival worsened with increase in GGT levels semi-quantitatively. Increase in GGT levels was also found to significantly correlate with an increase in maximum tumor diameter from 4.5 to 7 cm, a 20-fold increase in serum alpha-fetoprotein level, an increase in tumor multifocality from 20 to 54% of patients, and a doubling in percent of patients with portal vein thrombosis (PVT) from 20 to 40%. Serum GGT levels also showed significant survival differences for patients with low AFP levels. A doublet combination of serum GGT with albumin levels was associated with higher hazard ratios in a Cox regression analysis, as compared with single parameter GGT. The combination parameter pair was also prognostically useful in the low-AFP patient subcohort and was associated with significant differences in patient tumor characteristics.

conclusionsSerum GGT levels and especially combination serum GGT plus albumin levels, were significantly associated both with HCC patient survival and tumor aggressiveness characteristics, regardless of AFP levels in a large Turkish cohort. This might be especially useful since the majority of HCC patients do not have elevated levels of AFP.

Indexed as

GGTHCCsurvival

Identifiers

PMID34540270
PMCPMC8445320
OpenAlexW3182058899

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.