Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34540206›Full record

ArticleRSC advances2021

Biomaterial design strategies to address obstacles in craniomaxillofacial bone repair.

Marley J Dewey, Brendan A C Harley

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in RSC advances, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Shaping the mechanical properties of a gelatin hydrogel interface via amination.Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Engineering the Immune Response to Biomaterials.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
    Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Marley J DeweyDept of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Brendan A C HarleyDept of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5458-154X

Funding

Amniotic Membrane Derived Matrix for Large Bone Defect RepairR21DE026582 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN · PI HARLEY, BRENDAN A., WHEELER, MATTHEW B · 2018 to 2019
$660k
NIDCR NIH HHS R21 DE026582
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Biomaterial design to repair craniomaxillofacial defects has largely focused on promoting bone regeneration, while there are many additional factors that influence this process. The bone microenvironment is complex, with various mechanical property differences between cortical and cancellous bone, a unique porous architecture, and multiple cell types that must maintain homeostasis. This complex environment includes a vascular architecture to deliver cells and nutrients, osteoblasts which form new bone, osteoclasts which resorb excess bone, and upon injury, inflammatory cells and bacteria which can lead to failure to repair. To create biomaterials able to regenerate these large missing portions of bone on par with autograft materials, design of these materials must include methods to overcome multiple obstacles to effective, efficient bone regeneration. These obstacles include infection and biofilm formation on the biomaterial surface, fibrous tissue formation resulting from ill-fitting implants or persistent inflammation, non-bone tissue formation such as cartilage from improper biomaterial signals to cells, and voids in bone infill or lengthy implant degradation times. Novel biomaterial designs may provide approaches to effectively induce osteogenesis and new bone formation, include design motifs that facilitate surgical handling, intraoperative modification and promote conformal fitting within complex defect geometries, induce a pro-healing immune response, and prevent bacterial infection. In this review, we discuss the bone injury microenvironment and methods of biomaterial design to overcome these obstacles, which if unaddressed, may result in failure of the implant to regenerate host bone.

Identifiers

PMID34540206
PMCPMC8443006

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.