Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34537997›Full record

ArticleCancer science2021

Tumor eradicated by combination of imiquimod and OX40 agonist for in situ vaccination.

Yanhong Chu, Rutian Li, Lingyu Qian, Fangcen Liu, Ruihan Xu, Fanyan Meng, Yaohua Ke, Jie Shao, Lixia Yu, Qin Liu and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer science, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 24% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Interferon regulatory factors orchestrate CD8International journal of molecular medicine · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Imiquimod enhances anti-tumor effects of CD47 targeting in oral squamous cell carcinoma.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Cancer vaccines in the clinic.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2024
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Yanhong ChuThe Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
Rutian LiThe Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
Lingyu QianThe Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
Fangcen LiuDepartment of Pathology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
Ruihan XuThe Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
Fanyan MengThe Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
Yaohua KeThe Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
Jie ShaoThe Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
Lixia YuThe Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
Qin LiuThe Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
Baorui LiuThe Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2539-7732
Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital · CN

Funding

Government of Jiangsu Province M2020035Key Project of Science and Technology Development of Nanjing Medicine ZKX19012National Natural Science Foundation of China 81902914National Natural Science Foundation of China 81930080National Natural Science Foundation of China 81972192National Natural Science Foundation of China 81972309
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Various cancer vaccines have been developed to generate and amplify antigen-specific T cell responses against malignancy. Among them, in situ vaccination is one of the most practical types as it can trigger immune responses without previous antigen identification. Here we reported a novel in situ vaccine by intratumoral injection of imiquimod and OX40 agonist. In mice bearing hepatic carcinoma, both the injected tumor and the noninjected tumor in the distant lesion of the same mice were suppressed after vaccination. Further studies found that this in situ vaccine triggered systemic tumor-specific responses, with one-fold increase of effector memory T cells properties and stronger toxicity of lymphocytes in spleen. Besides, we found that imiquimod upregulated the expression of OX40 on CD4

Indexed as

AnimalsAntineoplastic AgentsAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsCancer VaccinesCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesFemaleImiquimodImmunologic MemoryImmunotherapyInjections, IntralesionalLiver NeoplasmsMembrane GlycoproteinsMiceReceptors, OX40T-LymphocytesToll-Like Receptor 7Antineoplastic AgentsCancer VaccinesImiquimodMembrane GlycoproteinsReceptors, OX40Tlr7 protein, mouseToll-Like Receptor 7imiquimodimmune responsesin situ vaccineOX40 agonisttumor microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID34537997
PMCPMC8586665
OpenAlexW3199385148

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.