ArticleJournal of assisted reproduction and genetics2021
Progesterone and estrogen levels are associated with live birth rates following artificial cycle frozen embryo transfers.
Article in Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of Early-to-Mid-Luteal Serum Estradiol Levels with the Outcomes of Hormone Replacement Therapy-Frozen Embryo Transfer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2025Pooled it
- Systematic review update and meta-analysis of randomized and non-randomized controlled trials of ovarian stimulation versus artificial cycle for endometrial preparation prior to frozen embryo transfer in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2022Pooled it
- High level of estrogen on the day before embryo transfer is associated with reduced live birth after frozen embryo transfer: a retrospective cohort study from 14565 cycles.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Iron biomarkers in men with infertility are associated with sperm DNA hydroxymethylation and cumulative live birth rates: a prospective study.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- The PPOS protocol mitigates the detrimental effects of high BMI on embryo and clinical pregnancy outcomes.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2024Article
- Comparison of natural and artificial cycles in frozen-thawed embryo transfer: A retrospective analysis of 1696 cycles.Turkish journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeDoes an association exist between serum progesterone and estradiol levels and live birth rates in artificial cycle frozen embryo transfer (AC-FET)?
methodsRetrospective cohort study was based on prospectively collected data at a university-affiliated fertility center. Included were all cycles using an artificial endometrial preparation with estradiol hemihydrate (Estrofem, 2 mg/8 h) and vaginal progesterone (Endometrin 100 mg/8 h), autologous oocytes, and cleavage stage embryo transfers. Serum progesterone and estradiol levels were measured 14 days after FET. A total of 921 cycles in 568 patients from to December 2010 to June 2019 were investigated. Live birth was the primary outcome measure.
resultsSignificant association was found between live birth and progesterone as well as estradiol levels (progesterone 14.65 vs 11.62 ng/ml, p = 0.001; estradiol 355.12 vs 287.67 pg/ml, p = 0.001). A significant difference in live birth rate was found below and above the median progesterone level (10.9 ng/ml, p = 0.007). Lower estradiol level was significantly associated with lower live birth rate (< 188.2 pg/ml 8.3%, > 263.1 pg/ml 16%, p = 0.02).
conclusionsSerum progesterone and estradiol levels impact live birth rate in AC-FET.
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