Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34537881›Full record

ArticleRadiation and environmental biophysics2021

3D simulations for evaluation of location factors in an urban environment: application of a novel methodology to calculate external exposure doses for evacuees from Pripyat.

Konstantin Chizhov, Vladimir Drozdovitch, Yuri Bragin, Niels-Kristian Mark, István Szőke, Ivan Golovanov, Vadim Chumak, Victor Kryuchkov

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Radiation and environmental biophysics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
0.4field-weighted citation impact, top 36% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.

Konstantin ChizhovDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS 9609 Medical Center Drive, Room 7E548 MSC 9778, Bethesda, MD, 20892-9778, USA.
Vladimir DrozdovitchDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS 9609 Medical Center Drive, Room 7E548 MSC 9778, Bethesda, MD, 20892-9778, USA. drozdovv@mail.nih.gov.ORCID 0000-0002-7952-379X
Yuri BraginState Research Center, Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia.
Niels-Kristian MarkInstitute for Energy Technology, Halden, Norway.
István SzőkeInstitute for Energy Technology, Halden, Norway.
Ivan GolovanovState Research Center, Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia.
Vadim ChumakNational Research Centre for Radiation Medicine, Kyiv, Ukraine.
Victor KryuchkovState Research Center, Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia.
State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation - Federal Medical Biophysical Center named after A.I. Burnazyan · RUInstitute for Energy Technology · NOUnited States Department of Health and Human Services · USNational Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine · UA

Funding

Intramural NIH HHS Z99 CA999999NCI NIH HHS HHSN261201400010CNCI NIH HHS HHSN261201600298P
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This article presents a methodology for assessing the radiation doses in an urban environment due to external irradiation from radionuclides deposited on the ground and other surfaces as well as from a passing radioactive cloud. The approach was developed and applied to assess individual doses of residents of the town of Pripyat who were evacuated shortly after the Chernobyl accident. Typically, the so-called location factor is defined as the ratio of the dose rate at a point of exposure and the dose rate at an undisturbed lawn far from any buildings. The present study used a new definition of the location factor as a regular four-dimensional grid of ratios of air kerma rates indoors and outdoors distributed in space and time. The location factors were calculated for two scenarios: outdoor and indoor values for typical apartments and buildings in Pripyat. Indoor location factors varied within two orders of magnitude depending on the floor of residence and place of staying inside the apartment. Values of the indoor location factor differed during the daytime and night by a factor of 30-40 depending on the behaviour of an individual within the apartment. Both, outdoor and indoor location factors decreased with decreasing distances between buildings. It was shown that during the first 4 days after the accident, air kerma rates in Pripyat were governed by the radionuclides deposited on the ground surface, and not by radionuclides in the cloud. Specifically, the contribution of the radioactive cloud to air kerma rate was maximal (i.e., 2.3%) on the morning of 28 April 1986. The methodology and results of this study are currently being used to reconstruct the radiation gonadal dose for the subjects of the American-Ukrainian study of parental irradiation in Chernobyl cleanup workers and evacuees for investigating germline mutations in their offspring.

Indexed as

Chernobyl Nuclear AccidentHumansRadiation DosageRadioisotopesRadioisotopesChernobylExternal irradiationLocation factorPripyatUrban environment

Identifiers

PMID34537881
PMCPMC8637943
OpenAlexW3199030366

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.