Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34534630›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of pharmaceutics2021

Reverse-dialysis can be misleading for drug release studies in emulsions as demonstrated by NMR dilution experiments.

Zhaoyuan Gong, Mohammad Hossein Tootoonchi, Christopher A Fraker, Jamie D Walls

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of pharmaceutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Zhaoyuan GongDepartment of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables FL 33146, United States.
Mohammad Hossein TootoonchiDiabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami FL 33136, United States.
Christopher A FrakerDiabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami FL 33136, United States.
Jamie D WallsDepartment of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables FL 33146, United States. Electronic address: jwalls@miami.edu.

Funding

Optimizing encapsulation to treat Type 1 diabetes mellitus: the role of oxygenation, antigen shedding and innate immune response in graft successR01DK116875 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI FRAKER, CHRISTOPHER ALAN · 2019 to 2024
$2.0M
NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK116875
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Emulsions are an important class of carriers for the delivery of hydrophobic drugs. While knowledge of drug release kinetics is critical to optimizing drug carrying emulsions, there remain many open questions about the validity of standard characterization methods such as the commonly used reverse-dialysis. In this paper, the kinetic parameters of isoflurane release in perfluorotributylamine emulsions determined from both reverse-dialysis and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) dilution experiments are compared. The NMR-determined kinetic parameters of isoflurane release were found to be approximately seven orders of magnitude larger than those determined from conventional reverse-dialysis and were also shown to be consistent with prior in vivo observations of the anesthetization of rats.

Indexed as

Renal DialysisAnimalsDrug LiberationEmulsionsHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyRatsEmulsionsChemical exchangeEmulsionsIsofluraneNuclear magnetic resonanceRelease kineticsReverse-dialysis

Identifiers

PMID34534630
PMCPMC8511114

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.