ReviewImmunology2021
The role of Bruton's tyrosine kinase in the immune system and disease.
Review in Immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 72 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Zanubrutinib in Relapsed or Refractory Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia: a Prospective Cohort Study
Orelabrutinib in the Treatment of Relapsed/Refractory Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia: A Prospective, Dose-Escalation Cohort Study
Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 115 citations in OpenAlex.
- Safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of sofnobrutinib, a novel non-covalent BTK inhibitor, in healthy subjects: First-in-human phase I study.Clinical and translational science · 2024Trial
- Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: Mechanisms, Efficacy, Toxicities and Applications for the Treatment of Human Diseases.MedComm · 2026Review
- Compartmentalized B cell-microglia crosstalk drives ischemic white matter demyelination.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Hidradenitis suppurativa: epidemiology, diagnosis, molecular pathogenesis and therapy.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Role of Caveolin-1 in Inflammation: Genetic Predisposition and Potential Implication for Multiple Sclerosis.Genes · 2026Review
- Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Multiple Sclerosis: Mechanistic Considerations Across Relapsing and Progressive Disease.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Expression of Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Reflects Immune Cells Infiltration and Cell Proliferation in Breast Cancer.World journal of oncology · 2026Article
- [Treatment practice and outcomes in 125 patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia: a single-center retrospective analysis].Zhonghua xue ye xue za zhi = Zhonghua xueyexue zazhi · 2026Article
- Emerging Therapeutics in Rheumatoid Arthritis.Current rheumatology reports · 2026Review
- Targeting Lysosomes for Enhanced Anti-Cancer Therapeutics and Immune Response.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Review
- Potential of small-molecule targeted drugs in combination with CAR-T cell therapy for hematologic lymphomas.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- B cell receptor signaling in autoimmune rheumatic diseases: regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic targeting.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Mechanism of activation of an ancestral TEC kinase by PIPNpj structural biology · 2026Article
- Identification of Potential Nontoxic HumanACS omega · 2025Article
- Primary Lymphoma of Peripheral Nerve: Rare or Misdiagnosed? A Systematic Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- COVID-19 Vaccine Response in Allo-HSCT Recipients: Insights from a Real-World Prospective Cohort Study.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Gas Bubbles from Biodegradable Magnesium Implants Convey Mechanical Cues and Promote Immune Cell Stimulation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Inhibition of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor ibrutinib is associated with reduction of immunosuppressive T cells.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Article
- [Efficacy and safety of zanubrutinib in treating refractory/relapsed warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia].Zhonghua xue ye xue za zhi = Zhonghua xueyexue zazhi · 2025Article
- Impaired megakaryopoiesis due to aberrant macrophage polarization via BTK/Rap1/NF-κB pathway in sepsis-induced thrombocytopenia.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Article
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) is a TEC kinase with a multifaceted role in B-cell biology and function, highlighted by its position as a critical component of the B-cell receptor signalling pathway. Due to its role as a therapeutic target in several haematological malignancies including chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, BTK has been gaining tremendous momentum in recent years. Within the immune system, BTK plays a part in numerous pathways and cells beyond B cells (i.e. T cells, macrophages). Not surprisingly, BTK has been elucidated to be a driving factor not only in lymphoproliferative disorders but also in autoimmune diseases and response to infection. To extort this role, BTK inhibitors such as ibrutinib have been developed to target BTK in other diseases. However, due to rising levels of resistance, the urgency to develop new inhibitors with alternative modes of targeting BTK is high. To meet this demand, an expanding list of BTK inhibitors is currently being trialled. In this review, we synopsize recent discoveries regarding BTK and its role within different immune cells and pathways. Additionally, we discuss the broad significance and relevance of BTK for various diseases ranging from haematology and rheumatology to the COVID-19 pandemic. Overall, BTK signalling and its targetable nature have emerged as immensely important for a wide range of clinical applications. The development of novel, more specific and less toxic BTK inhibitors could be revolutionary for a significant number of diseases with yet unmet treatment needs.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.