ArticleActa otorhinolaryngologica Italica : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di otorinolaringologia e chirurgia cervico-facciale2021
Development of a questionnaire to investigate socio-cultural differences in the perception of smell, taste and flavour.
Article in Acta otorhinolaryngologica Italica : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di otorinolaringologia e chirurgia cervico-facciale, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Clinical evaluation of pediatric olfactory disorders: a review from etiology to management.Frontiers in allergy · 2026Review
- Test-retest reliability and validity of the Importance of Olfaction Questionnaire in Denmark.PloS one · 2024Article
- Exploratory Study on Chemosensory Event-Related Potentials in Long COVID-19 and Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Common Pathway?Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Alterations in smell or taste in individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 during periods of Omicron variant dominance.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2023Observational
- Phytochemicals and Inflammation: Is Bitter Better?Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Chemosensory Dysfunction in Long-Term COVID-19 Assessed by Self-Reported and Direct Psychophysical Methods.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Results from psychophysical tests of smell and taste during the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection: a review.Acta otorhinolaryngologica Italica : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di otorinolaringologia e chirurgia cervico-facciale · 2022Review
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5 authors.
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Abstract
objectivesClinical experience and daily life indicate that the importance of smell, taste and flavour is variable among individuals. Therefore, the aim of this research was to develop a questionnaire to investigate the importance attributed to smell, taste and flavour and socio-cultural differences among individuals.
methodsCross-cultural adaptation of the questionnaire was executed by two professional translators and one bilingual investigator and pre-tested on a pilot group of 25 subjects with normal smell and taste abilities. The final version of the questionnaire was sent by e-mail to 850 healthy subjects. The Google form consisted of three parts:
resultsThe questionnaire received a non-response rate of 10.7%. Calculation of Cronbach's alpha showed good internal reliability (a = 0.87). Test-retest evaluation was satisfactory for all subscales, with an overall ICC2k = 0.84 (CI 0.79-0.89). Statistical analysis showed that smell, taste and flavour appeared to be more important for women when compared to men (p < 0.001). No statistical differences were seen between individuals with various educational background (p > 0.05), and the importance of smell (r = 0.16; p < 0.01), taste and flavour (r = 0.08; p < 0.05) did not decline with age.
conclusionsThe development of this original test provides an overview into the importance of smell, taste and flavour among individuals. Although further research is needed, it can help in the evaluation and investigation of aspects that influence people to seek medical attention in the presence of sensory alterations.
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