Trial reportEuropean journal of psychotraumatology2021
Early intervention with eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy to reduce the severity of post-traumatic stress symptoms in recent rape victims: a randomized controlled trial.
Trial report in European journal of psychotraumatology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Therapists perspectives on the Early Intervention after Rape study: a qualitative process evaluation of a randomized controlled trial.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2025Trial
- Sexual function in women with a history of sexual assault: A cross-sectional study.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2026Article
- Optimizing trauma-focused treatments to address guilt and shame: Clinical considerations and strategies.Journal of traumatic stress · 2026Article
- The impact of trauma and how to intervene: a narrative review of psychotraumatology over the past 15 years.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2025Article
- Accuracy of the Pediatric Emotional Distress Scale - Early Screener to predict the risk for developing PTSD in young children after accidental injury.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2025Article
- Why was the treatment discontinued? Reasons for attrition in evidence-based trauma-focused treatments.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2025Article
- The Efficacy of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing Treatment for Depression: A Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Randomized trial on the effects of an EMDR intervention on traumatic and obsessive symptoms during the COVID-19 quarantine: a psychometric study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- (Fire)fighting the pandemic: PTSD and depression symptom profiles and longitudinal correlates.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2024Article
- Survival, Attachment, and Healing: An Evolutionary Lens on Interventions for Trauma-Related Dissociation.Psychology research and behavior management · 2024Review
- Psychosocial interventions for survivors of rape and sexual assault experienced during adulthood.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Review
- Article
- Group early intervention eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy as a video-conference psychotherapy with frontline/emergency workers in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder and moral injury-An RCT study.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- Depression and post-traumatic stress symptoms two years post-rape and the role of early counselling: Rape Impact Cohort Evaluation (RICE) study.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2023Article
- Mental health of sexual assault victims and predictors of their use of support from in-house psychologists at Belgian sexual assault care centres.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2023Article
- The effect of the online eye movement desensitization and reprocessing early intervention protocol (EMDR R-TEP) for the risk groups with post-traumatic stress symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- Risk factors for PTSD diagnosis in young victims of recent sexual assault.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2022Article
- Sexual assault as a public health problem and other developments in psychotraumatology.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2022Article
- Development of multidisciplinary sexual assault centres in the Netherlands.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2022Article
- A Scoping Review of Preferences of Men Who Experienced Sexual Assault: Implications for Adaptation of Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapies.American journal of men's healthArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: About 40% of rape victims develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) within three months after the assault. Considering the high personal and societal impact of PTSD, there is an urgent need for early (i.e. within three months after the incident) interventions to reduce post-traumatic stress in victims of rape. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of early intervention with eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy to reduce symptoms of post-traumatic stress, feelings of guilt and shame, sexual dysfunction, and other psychological dysfunction (i.e. general psychopathology, anxiety, depression, and dissociative symptoms) in victims of rape. Method: This randomized controlled trial included 57 victims of rape, who were randomly allocated to either two sessions of EMDR therapy or treatment as usual ('watchful waiting') between 14 and 28 days post-rape. Psychological symptoms were assessed at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and 8 and 12 weeks post-rape. Linear mixed models and ANCOVAs were used to analyse differences between conditions over time. Results: Within-group effect sizes of the EMDR condition ( Conclusions: The findings do not support the notion that early intervention with EMDR therapy in victims of rape is more effective than watchful waiting for the reduction of psychological symptoms, including symptoms of post-traumatic stress. Further research on the effectiveness of early interventions, including watchful waiting, for this specific target group is needed.
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