ArticleHIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.)2021
Performance of Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra for the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Using Bronchoalveolar Lavage Samples in People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in China: A Prospective Study.
Article in HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra assay for pulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in adults and adolescents.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Evaluation of Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra performance on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples for pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis.Respiratory research & clinical practice · 2026Article
- Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra performance on bronchial specimens in diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis in Vancouver, Canada.Journal of medical microbiology · 2025Article
- Gaps in TB-related knowledge and practices: An assessment of health care seeking behavior among adults with HIV and caregivers of paediatric patients with presumptive TB symptoms in Manhiça district, southern Mozambique.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Performance of Xpert MTB/RIF for Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in HIV-Infected People in China: A Retrospective, Single-Center Study.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2022Article
- The Practical Value of Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra for Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in a High Tuberculosis Burden Setting: a Prospective Multicenter Diagnostic Accuracy Study.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSputum is commonly used for the diagnostic testing of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), but people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) usually have little sputum. Moreover, the automated molecular test, Xpert MTB/RIF assay (Xpert), has a low sensitivity in PLWHA. We aimed to estimate the performance of Xpert Ultra on the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) using bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL).
methodsFrom February 5, 2018 to March 30, 2019, a total of 99 PLWHA with suspected PTB at the Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, China, were recruited. The information on demographics and medical history, blood MTB antigen-specific interferon gamma enzyme-linked immunospot assay (T-SPOT.TB), T lymphocyte subsets, and plasma HIV RNA load were collected. Computed tomography (CT) and flexible bronchoscopy were performed, and BAL and blood samples were collected. Testing of acid-fast bacilli (AFB), tuberculosis real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (TBDNA), Ultra, Xpert, and MTB culture were conducted.
resultsCompared to BAL MTB culture for tuberculosis diagnosis, Ultra, Xpert, T-SPOT.TB, TBDNA and AFB smear had the sensitivity of 0.96 (24/25), 0.80 (20/25), 0.84 (21/25), 0.44 (11/25), and 0.12 (3/25), respectively; and the specificity of 0.92 (68/74), 0.96 (71/74), 0.93 (69/74), 0.96 (71/74), and 0.99 (73/74), respectively. Our study found that the sensitivity of Ultra was higher than that of culture and Xpert (AUC 0.92, 0.86 and 0.84, respectively). The results also indicated that PLWHA with CD4 <200 cells/mm DISCUSSION: Our data supported an increased sensitivity of Ultra compared to that of Xpert on BAL samples of PLWHA, regardless of the CD4 counts and reference diagnosis standards.
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