SynthesisRMD open2021
A core set of risk factors in individuals at risk of rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic literature review informing the EULAR points to consider for conducting clinical trials and observational studies in individuals at risk of rheumatoid arthritis.
Synthesis in RMD open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Autoantibodies as predictors of progression to rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.RMD open · 2026Pooled it
- A meta-analysis investigating the relationship between inflammation in autoimmune disease, elevated CRP, and the risk of dementia.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Systematic review of quantitative preference studies of treatments for rheumatoid arthritis among patients and at-risk populations.Arthritis research & therapy · 2022Pooled it
- Risk prediction rules in individuals at risk of rheumatoid arthritis: systematic review and validation using the APIPPRA cohort.EULAR rheumatology open · 2026Article
- Restoring Immunological Tolerance via Dendritic Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis.European journal of immunology · 2026Review
- Living with palindromic rheumatism: a qualitative interview study.Rheumatology advances in practice · 2026Article
- Synovial fibroblast activation occurs before the onset of rheumatoid arthritis and influences the risk of developing disease.RMD open · 2025Article
- Beyond Conventional Imaging: Nuclear Imaging in Rheumatoid Arthritis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Ultrasound in anti-CCP+ at-risk individuals without clinical synovitis: development of a novel 6-joint protocol for feasible risk prediction.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2024Article
- Prevention of Rheumatoid Arthritis in At-Risk Individuals: Current Status and Future Prospects.Drugs · 2024Review
- Predicting Rheumatoid Arthritis Development Using Hand Ultrasound and Machine Learning-A Two-Year Follow-Up Cohort Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Lymphocyte subset phenotyping for the prediction of progression to inflammatory arthritis in anti-citrullinated-peptide antibody-positive at-risk individuals.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2024Article
- Article
- 'What is my risk really?': a qualitative exploration of preventive interventions among individuals at risk of rheumatoid arthritis.Rheumatology advances in practice · 2024Article
- Rheumatoid arthritis prevention in arthralgia: fantasy or reality?Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2023Review
- Article
- HOXA5 is a key regulator of class 3 semaphorins expression in the synovium of rheumatoid arthritis patients.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2023Article
- Opportunities and challenges in early diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis in general practice.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2023Article
- Pre-RA: Can early diagnosis lead to prevention?Best practice & research. Clinical rheumatology · 2022Review
- Perspectives of at-Risk Individuals on Preventive Intervention for Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Mini Review.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThere is significant interest in determining risk factors in individuals at risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A core set of risk factors for clinical arthritis development has not been defined.
methodsA literature search and systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted to identify risk factors in individuals at risk of RA using Medline, Embase, PubMed and Central databases.
results3854 articles were identified by the literature search. After screening of titles, 138 abstracts were reviewed and 96 articles finally included. Fifty-three articles included data on risk factors including autoantibodies, subclinical inflammation on imaging, clinical features, serum and cellular biomarkers and genetic markers. Risk factors were dependent on the at-risk population. There was good evidence for serum anticitrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) levels, as risk factors for arthritis in all at-risk populations (n=13 articles). Subclinical inflammation on ultrasound (n=12) and MRI (n=6) was reported as a risk factor in multiple studies in at-risk individuals with musculoskeletal (MSK) symptoms and undifferentiated arthritis (UA). Clinical features were reported as a risk factor in at-risk individuals with MSK symptoms and UA (n=13). Other risk factors, including serum and cellular markers were less frequently reported.
conclusionsRisk factors for arthritis development in RA are specific to the at-risk population. Serum ACPA confers risk in all populations; subclinical inflammation on imaging and clinical features confer risk in at-risk individuals with MSK symptoms. This SLR informed the EULAR taskforce for points to consider on conducting clinical trials and studies in individuals at risk of RA.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.