ReviewJournal of neuroinflammation2021
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: from pathophysiology to therapeutic strategies.
Review in Journal of neuroinflammation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 170 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
170 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 299 citations in OpenAlex.
- Guidelines on the Use of Therapeutic Apheresis in Clinical Practice-Evidence-Based Approach From the Writing Committee of the American Society for Apheresis: The Tenth Special Issue.Journal of clinical apheresis · 2026Guideline
- Movement Disorders in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2026Pooled it
- Exploratory analysis of predictive models in the field of myelitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- The Role of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein as a Biomarker in Multiple Sclerosis and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Pooled it
- The temporal relationship of paraneoplastic aquaporin-4-IgG seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2023Pooled it
- Safety and efficacy of ravulizumab in patients with NMOSD previously treated with rituximab: A post hoc analysis of the CHAMPION-NMOSD trial.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2026Trial
- A novel recombinant anti-cluster of differentiation 20 humanized monoclonal antibody (B001) for the treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: a phase 1, multicenter randomized, double-blind trial.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Trial
- Complement C3 inhibitory peptide AMY-101 ameliorates brain injury in a mouse model of NMOSD.Annals of medicine · 2026Article
- Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy in non-oncological diseases.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Comparison of iron and myelin changes in U‑fiber regions of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders.Journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Recognition and management of acute relapse of multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease.Cell death and differentiation · 2026Review
- Neuroimmune interactions: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic targets.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- The IL-1β-STING Signaling Axis Drives Neuromyelitis Optica Pathogenesis in a Murine Model.Annals of neurology · 2026Article
- ACSL4-mediated astrocyte ferroptosis augments neuroinflammation and exacerbates NMOSD pathology.Cell death and differentiation · 2026Article
- Global trends and emerging hotspots in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder diagnostic research: A bibliometric analysis.Medicine · 2026Review
- Obinutuzumab β for aquaporin-4-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: a phase 3 randomized controlled trial.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- Dynamic characterization of pathological and functional deterioration in a mouse model of optic neuritis related to neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Safety and Efficacy of Obinutuzumab β (MIL62), a Novel Glycoengineered Type II Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody, in Patients with Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A Multicenter, Single-Arm, Phase Ib Clinical Trial.Neurology and therapy · 2026Article
- FPR2/ALX stimulation modulates microglia and natural killer cells to restrict autoimmune astrocytopathy.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2026Article
- Patient-reported outcomes in Chinese patients with AQP4-IgG-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder on inebilizumab therapy: a cross-sectional study.BMC neurology · 2026Observational
110 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by acute optic neuritis (ON) and transverse myelitis (TM). NMO is caused by a pathogenic serum IgG antibody against the water channel aquoporin 4 (AQP4) in the majority of patients. AQP4-antibody (AQP4-ab) presence is highly specific, and differentiates NMO from multiple sclerosis. It binds to AQP4 channels on astrocytes, triggering activation of the classical complement cascade, causing granulocyte, eosinophil, and lymphocyte infiltration, culminating in injury first to astrocyte, then oligodendrocytes followed by demyelination and neuronal loss. NMO spectrum disorder (NMOSD) has recently been defined and stratified based on AQP4-ab serology status. Most NMOSD patients experience severe relapses leading to permanent neurologic disability, making suppression of relapse frequency and severity, the primary objective in disease management. The most common treatments used for relapses are steroids and plasma exchange.Currently, long-term NMOSD relapse prevention includes off-label use of immunosuppressants, particularly rituximab. In the last 2 years however, three pivotal clinical trials have expanded the spectrum of drugs available for NMOSD patients. Phase III studies have shown significant relapse reduction compared to placebo in AQP4-ab-positive patients treated with satralizumab, an interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) inhibitor, inebilizumab, an antibody against CD19
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.