Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34530819›Full record

ArticleBMC endocrine disorders2021

The association between overweight/obesity and double diabetes in adults with type 1 diabetes; a cross-sectional study.

Nathan Wp Cantley, Kathryn Lonnen, Ioannis Kyrou, Abd A Tahrani, Hassan Kahal

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC endocrine disorders, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed
3.2field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Metabolic dysfunction and the use of adjunct medications in type 1 diabetes.Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity · 2026
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  16. The impact of obesity: a narrative review.Singapore medical journal · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Nathan Wp CantleyDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, BS10 5NB, Bristol, UK.
Kathryn LonnenDepartment of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, BS10 5NB, Bristol, UK.
Ioannis KyrouCentre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Research Institute for Health & Wellbeing, Coventry University, CV1 5FB, Coventry, UK.
Abd A TahraniDepartment of Diabetes and Endocrinology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.
Hassan KahalDepartment of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, BS10 5NB, Bristol, UK. hassan.kahal1@nhs.net.
Southmead Hospital · GBAston University · GBUniversity Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDouble Diabetes (DD), type 1 diabetes (T1DM) + insulin resistance (IR), is associated with increased risk of micro/macro-vascular complications and mortality. Obesity can contribute to the development of DD. This study explored the prevalence of overweight/obesity and their association with DD in adults with T1DM.

methodsCross-sectional study of consecutive adults with T1DM attending diabetes clinics in a secondary care hospital (January-November 2019). Estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) was used as a marker of IR, and an eGDR < 8 was used to identify individuals with DD.

resultsOne hundred seven adults with T1DM were included; female/male: 51/56; age [median (inter-quartile range): 30.0 (23-51) years]; BMI 25.4 (22.8-30.0) kg/m

conclusionsOverweight/obesity is very common in adults with T1DM, and is associated with double diabetes. BMI is positively associated with total insulin dose. Double diabetes is associated with adverse cardiovascular risk profile and is also common in lean individuals with T1DM. Further research is needed to examine the impact of overweight/obesity in people with T1DM and whether weight loss in this population can improve diabetes-related outcomes.

Indexed as

Insulin ResistanceAdultBiomarkersBlood GlucoseCross-Sectional StudiesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1FemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleMiddle AgedObesityOverweightPrevalencePrognosisUnited KingdomBiomarkersBlood GlucoseDouble diabetesInsulin resistanceObesityOverweightType 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Identifiers

PMID34530819
PMCPMC8447500
OpenAlexW3136916967

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.