Observational studyThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2022
Changes in Serum Cytokines Throughout Pregnancy in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.
Observational study in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of birth outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.Nature communications · 2024Pooled it
- Metformin Treatment in PCOS Pregnancies Reduces Maternal Infections and Increases the Risk of Allergies and Eczema in the Offspring: Post Hoc Analyses of Two Randomised Controlled Trials and One Follow-Up Study.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2025Trial
- Maternal and offspring genome-wide association study of C-reactive protein reveals limited polygenic association with gestational diabetes mellitus.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome in pregnancy: pathophysiology and outcomes.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2026Review
- Early pregnancy biomarkers of inflammation and metabolic regulation in polycystic ovary syndrome.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Article
- How Pre-Pregnancy Weight and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Impact Pregnancy Outcomes: A Population-Based Cohort Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- PCOS combined with obesity aggravates the metabolic and immune abnormality in females.BMC women's health · 2026Article
- Fetal growth in PCOS pregnancies: dynamic evidence of restriction and the modifying role of ART.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Prenatally androgenized PCOS mice have ovary-independent uterine dysfunction and placental inflammation aggravated by high-fat diet.Science advances · 2025Article
- Polycystic ovary syndrome and gestational diabetes mellitus association to pregnancy outcomes: A national register-based cohort study.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2025Article
- Beyond defence: Immune architects of ovarian health and disease.Seminars in immunopathology · 2024Review
- Growth Restriction in the Offspring of Mothers With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Early- to mid-gestational testosterone excess leads to adverse cardiac outcomes in postpartum sheep.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2024Article
- Exploring the Association of Biochemical Characterization and Genetic Determinants of TNF-α, CXCR2, and CCR5 Delta 32 Mutation with Predisposition to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Gestational testosterone excess early to mid-pregnancy disrupts maternal lipid homeostasis and activates biosynthesis of phosphoinositides and phosphatidylethanolamines in sheep.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Immune dysfunction mediated by the competitive endogenous RNA network in fetal side placental tissue of polycystic ovary syndrome.PloS one · 2024Article
- New immune phenotypes for treatment response in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Immunomodulatory Effects of Metformin Treatment in Pregnant Women With PCOS.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2023 · on this mapArticle
- Androgen-Induced Cardiovascular Risk in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: The Role of T Lymphocytes.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Association of maternal polycystic ovary syndrome and diabetes with preterm birth and offspring birth size: a population-based cohort study.Human reproduction (Oxford, England) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
contextPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder associated with low-grade inflammation and increased incidence of pregnancy complications, but its influence on the maternal immune system in pregnancy is unknown. Longitudinal serum cytokine profiling is a sensitive measure of the complex immunological dynamics of pregnancy.
objectiveThis work aimed to determine the immunological dynamics of serum cytokines throughout pregnancy in women with PCOS and compare it to pregnancy in women without PCOS.
methodsA post hoc analysis was conducted of longitudinal serum samples from 2 randomized, placebo-controlled multicenter studies of pregnant women with PCOS and 2 studies of pregnant women without PCOS. Pregnant women with PCOS (n = 358) and without PCOS (n = 258, controls) provided 1752 serum samples from 4 time points in pregnancy (weeks 10, 19, 32, and 36). Main outcome measures included maternal serum levels of 22 cytokines and C-reactive protein (CRP) at 4 time points in pregnancy.
resultsWomen with PCOS showed marked immunological changes in serum cytokines throughout pregnancy. Compared to controls, women with PCOS showed higher levels of 17 cytokines and CRP at week 10 of pregnancy and a distinct cytokine development throughout pregnancy. The immunological dynamics in women with PCOS was significantly affected by maternal body mass index, smoking, and fetal sex.
conclusionPregnancy in women with PCOS was associated with a strong early mobilization of inflammatory and other serum cytokines persisting throughout pregnancy, indicating a more activated immune status. These findings provide a novel basis for further study of PCOS and pregnancy complications.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.