SynthesisJournal of medical Internet research2021
Effects of Message Framing on Cancer Prevention and Detection Behaviors, Intentions, and Attitudes: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Journal of medical Internet research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The effects of gain-loss framed message on physical activity attitudes, intentions, and behaviors in physically inactive adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of Message Framing on Human Papillomavirus Vaccination: Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2024Pooled it
- Conversational Agent Interventions for Mental Health Problems: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of medical Internet research · 2023Pooled it
- Behaviorally Informed Text Messaging to Promote Colon Cancer Screening: A Quality Improvement Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2026Trial
- Effect of gain- versus loss-framed messages on improving newborn care practices among mothers: a three-arm cluster randomized controlled trial.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Trial
- Optimising the European Code Against Cancer, 5th edition, to increase awareness of avoidable cancer risks in all socioeconomic groups.Molecular oncology · 2026Trial
- The effect of promotional health message framing on the perceived benefit of mammography: evidence from estimation of willingness to pay.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Trial
- Message framing effects on attitude and intention toward social participation in old age.BMC public health · 2023Trial
- Can Family Motivation Enhance Men's Uptake of Cascade Screening for FamilialAmerican journal of men's healthTrial
- Lessons from the margins: Narratives of black men living beyond prostate cancer.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026Article
- Channel Allocation and Equity in Preventive Campaigns for Older Adults: Agent-Based Modeling Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- Unplanned drinking predicts alcohol-impaired driving cognitions and behavior in daily life.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2025Article
- Development and Evaluation of the Firefighter Exposure to Carcinogens Scale.Journal of occupational and environmental medicine · 2025Article
- Efficacy of Digital Outreach Strategies for Collecting Smoking Data: Pragmatic Randomized Trial.JMIR formative research · 2024Article
- Effects of message framing and risk perception on health communication for optimum cardiovascular disease primary prevention: a protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled study.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- A systematic review of risky-choice framing effects.EXCLI journal · 2023Review
- Why it is good to communicate the bad: understanding the influence of message framing in persuasive communication on consumer decision-making processes.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2023Article
- Coding linguistic elements in clinical interactions: a step-by-step guide for analyzing communication form.BMC medical research methodology · 2022Article
- Health educationFrontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Effects of a Message-Framing Video Intervention on Maternal Vaccine Confidence Regarding HPV Vaccination for Daughters: A Quasi-Experimental Study Among Mothers With Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia.Public health nursing (Boston, Mass.)Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWith the increasing health care burden of cancer, public health organizations are increasingly emphasizing the importance of calling people to engage in long-term prevention and periodical detection. How to best deliver behavioral recommendations and health outcomes in messaging is an important issue.
objectiveThis study aims to disaggregate the effects of gain-framed and loss-framed messages on cancer prevention and detection behaviors and intentions and attitudes, which has the potential to inform cancer control programs.
methodsA search of three electronic databases (Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed) was conducted for studies published between January 2000 and December 2020. After a good agreement achieved on a sample by two authors, the article selection (κ=0.8356), quality assessment (κ=0.8137), and data extraction (κ=0.9804) were mainly performed by one author. The standardized mean difference (attitude and intention) and the odds ratio (behaviors) were calculated to evaluate the effectiveness of message framing (gain-framed message and loss-framed message). Calculations were conducted, and figures were produced by Review Manager 5.3.
resultsThe title and abstract of 168 unique citations were scanned, of which 53 were included for a full-text review. A total of 24 randomized controlled trials were included, predominantly examining message framing on cancer prevention and detection behavior change interventions. There were 9 studies that used attitude to predict message framing effect and 16 studies that used intention, whereas 6 studies used behavior to examine the message framing effect directly. The use of loss-framed messages improved cancer detection behavior (OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.64-0.90; P=.001), and the results from subgroup analysis indicated that the effect would be weak with time. No effect of framing was found when effectiveness was assessed by attitudes (prevention: SMD=0.02, 95% CI -0.13 to 0.17; P=.79; detection: SMD=-0.05, 95% CI -0.15 to 0.05; P=.32) or intentions (prevention: SMD=-0.05, 95% CI -0.19 to 0.09; P=.48; detection: SMD=0.02, 95% CI -0.26 to 0.29; P=.92) among studies encouraging cancer prevention and cancer detection.
conclusionsResearch has shown that it is almost impossible to change people's attitudes or intentions about cancer prevention and detection with a gain-framed or loss-framed message. However, loss-framed messages have achieved preliminary success in persuading people to adopt cancer detection behaviors. Future studies could improve the intervention design to achieve better intervention effectiveness.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.