ArticleDevelopmental medicine and child neurology2022
Intrauterine drug exposure as a risk factor for cerebral palsy.
Article in Developmental medicine and child neurology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Standardizing early cerebral palsy detection in high-risk infants: reducing age at diagnosis through a quality improvement initiative.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Article
- Severity of punctate white matter lesions in preterm infants: antecedents and cerebral palsy prediction.Pediatric research · 2025Article
- Risk factors for spastic cerebral palsy: a retrospective cross-sectional study and literature review.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2025Review
- Development of a Bedside Tool to Predict the Diagnosis of Cerebral Palsy in Term-Born Neonates.JAMA pediatrics · 2023Article
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9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
aimTo determine whether infants with intrauterine drug exposure (IUDE) are similarly at risk for cerebral palsy (CP) as other high-risk populations, whether CP classification differs based on IUDE status, and describe the association of CP with specific substances among exposed infants.
methodThis was a retrospective analysis of infants in a high-risk follow-up program (n=5578) between January 2014 and February 2018 with a history of IUDE or who received a CP diagnosis. CP rates were compared using two-sample z-tests. CP classification was assessed using Fisher's exact, Cochran-Armitage, and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. Models for CP risk were assessed using multivariable logistic regression.
resultsAmong all infants with IUDE (n=1086), 53.8% were male with a mean (SD) birth gestational age of 36.8 (3.6) weeks. Among unexposed infants with CP (n=259), 54.4% were male with a mean (SD) birth gestational age of 29.9 (5.7) weeks. Opioids were the most common exposure (93.7%) of all infants with IUDE. The CP rate in the IUDE (5.2%) and unexposed (5.7%) high-risk populations were not significantly different (p=0.168), nor were there differences in CP typology, topography, or severity between exposed (n=57) and unexposed (n=259) infants (all p>0.05). In patients with IUDE and after controlling for established CP risk factors, the observed odds of CP varied among substances.
interpretationWe suggest that IUDE should be considered a 'newborn-detectable risk' in the guidelines for the early detection of CP.
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