ArticleEClinicalMedicine2021
Socioeconomic inequalities in effective service coverage for reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health: a comparative analysis of 39 low-income and middle-income countries.
Article in EClinicalMedicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Association between caesarean birth and childhood acute respiratory infection in low- and middle-income countries: a meta-analysis of population-based data.BMC medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Utilization of maternal healthcare services in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Evaluations of effective coverage of maternal and child health services: A systematic review.Health policy and planning · 2022Pooled it
- Tracking the impact of maternal health service coverage on maternal mortality across 137 low- and middle-income countries in the progress toward Sustainable Development Goals.Journal of global health · 2026Article
- Estimating the impact and cost-effectiveness of antenatal care approaches in 24 low- and middle-income countries: a modelling study.BMC global and public health · 2026Article
- Unveiling hidden heterogeneity and inequalities in the continuum of care for reproductive, maternal, and child health services in sub-Saharan Africa: A multilevel latent class analysis approach.Global epidemiology · 2026Article
- Bridging the gap: Translating fetal, infant, and toddler neuroimaging insights into clinical practice.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2026Review
- Comparison of urban-rural inequality in quality antenatal care among women in Bangladesh and Pakistan: a multivariable decomposition analysis.Reproductive health · 2026Article
- Socioeconomic inequalities in the continuum of care for maternal health in an upper-middle-income country: the case of Mexico.Cadernos de saude publica · 2026Article
- Article
- Trends and Inequities in the Continuum of Care for Maternal Healthcare Services in Bangladesh: A National and Subnational Analysis.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2025Article
- Global burden of brain and central nervous system cancer in 185 countries, and projections up to 2050: a population-based systematic analysis of GLOBOCAN 2022.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- Newborn postnatal care: gap in contact and effective coverage and discrepancy in response in Ethiopia.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Inequalities and Determinants of Quality Antenatal Care Coverage Among Women of Reproductive Age (15-49) in Tanzania: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of National Data.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Beyond the urban lure: factors associated with medical students' intentions to practice in LMICs disadvantaged areas.BMC medical education · 2025Article
- Inequality in Utilization of Maternal Healthcare Services in Low‑ and Middle‑Income Countries: A Scoping Review of the Literature.Maternal and child health journal · 2025Article
- Inequalities in antenatal care service utilization in Nepal: evidence from nationally representative Nepal multiple indictor cluster surveys 2014 and 2019.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Developing a framework for monitoring the stages towards achieving effective coverage and equity for maternal, newborn, child health and nutrition interventions.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Preventing vaccine drop-outs: Geographic and system-level barriers to full immunization coverage among children in Uttar Pradesh, India.Vaccine: X · 2025Article
- Effective coverage for reproductive, maternal, neonatal and newborn health: an analysis of geographical and socioeconomic inequalities in 39 low- and middle-income countries.BMJ global health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundReducing socioeconomic inequalities in access to good quality health care is key for countries to achieve Universal Health Coverage. This study aims to assess socioeconomic inequalities in effective coverage of reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health (RMNCH) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
methodsUsing the most recent national health surveys from 39 LMICs (between 2014 and 2018), we calculated coverage indicators using effective coverage care cascade that consists of service contact, crude coverage, quality-adjusted coverage, and user-adherence-adjusted coverage. We quantified wealth-related and education-related inequality using the relative index of inequality, slope index of inequality, and concentration index.
findingsThe quality-adjusted coverage of RMNCH services in 39 countries was substantially lower than service contact, in particular for postnatal care (64 percentage points [pp],
interpretationReliance on the average contact coverage tends to underestimate the levels of socioeconomic inequalities for RMNCH service use in LMICs. Hence, the effective coverage measurement using a care cascade approach should be applied. While RMNCH coverages vary considerably across countries, equitable improvement in quality of care is particularly needed for lower-middle-income and low-income countries.
fundingNone.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.