ReviewFrontiers in molecular biosciences2021
Host Serine Proteases: A Potential Targeted Therapy for COVID-19 and Influenza.
Review in Frontiers in molecular biosciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effect of COVID-19 vaccines on sperm parameters: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Asian journal of andrology · 2023Pooled it
- Aprotinin treatment against SARS-CoV-2: A randomized phase III study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a pan-protease inhibitor for moderate COVID-19.European journal of clinical investigation · 2022Trial
- A Double-Edged Sword: Extracellular Serine Proteases as Facilitators of Infection and Mediators of Immunity.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The virology of Omicron: pathophysiology, immune regulation, and clinical impact of SARS-CoV-2 sub variants.Virology journal · 2025Review
- Evaluating the antiviral efficacy and specificity of chlorogenic acid and related herbal extracts against SARS-CoV-2 variants via spike protein binding intervention.Journal of traditional and complementary medicine · 2025Article
- Large Library Docking and Biophysical Analysis of Small-Molecule TMPRSS2 Inhibitors.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2025Article
- Host cell and viral protease targets of human SERPINs identified by in silico docking.The EMBO journal · 2025Article
- Protease engineering: Approaches, tools, and emerging trends.Biotechnology advances · 2025Review
- Dynamin independent endocytosis is an alternative cell entry mechanism for multiple animal viruses.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Coordination chemistry suggests that independently observed benefits of metformin and ZnBiometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2024Article
- Aprotinin (II): Inhalational Administration for the Treatment of COVID-19 and Other Viral Conditions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Mapping ACE2 and TMPRSS2 co-expression in human brain tissue: implications for SARS-CoV-2 neurological manifestations.Journal of neurovirology · 2024Article
- Efficacy of host cell serine protease inhibitor MM3122 against SARS-CoV-2 for treatment and prevention of COVID-19.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Precision nutrition to reset virus-induced human metabolic reprogramming and dysregulation (HMRD) in long-COVID.NPJ science of food · 2024Review
- Review
- Review
- The fatal contribution of serine protease-related genetic variants to COVID-19 outcomes.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Decoy peptides effectively inhibit the binding of SARS-CoV-2 to ACE2 on oral epithelial cells.Heliyon · 2023Article
- Existing Evidence for Influenza B Virus Adaptations to Drive Replication in Humans as the Primary Host.Viruses · 2023Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The ongoing pandemic illustrates limited therapeutic options for controlling SARS-CoV-2 infections, calling a need for additional therapeutic targets. The viral spike S glycoprotein binds to the human receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and then is activated by the host proteases. Based on the accessibility of the cellular proteases needed for SARS-S activation, SARS-CoV-2 entrance and activation can be mediated by endosomal (such as cathepsin L) and non-endosomal pathways. Evidence indicates that in the non-endosomal pathway, the viral S protein is cleaved by the furin enzyme in infected host cells. To help the virus enter efficiently, the S protein is further activated by the serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2), provided that the S has been cleaved by furin previously. In this review, important roles for host proteases within host cells will be outlined in SARS-CoV-2 infection and antiviral therapeutic strategies will be highlighted. Although there are at least five highly effective vaccines at this time, the appearance of the new viral mutations demands the development of therapeutic agents. Targeted inhibition of host proteases can be used as a therapeutic approach for viral infection.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.