ArticleImmunity, inflammation and disease2021
CCL2 produced by pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is essential for the accumulation and activation of monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells.
Article in Immunity, inflammation and disease, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Microbiota in pancreatic cancer: Roles in tumor initiation and progression (Review).Oncology letters · 2026Review
- Spatially fractionated radiotherapy and immunotherapy: a synergistic strategy for systemic anti-tumor immunity.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Tumor microenvironment and mechanotransduction pathways: Novel targets and new directions for cancer therapy.Mechanobiology in medicine · 2026Review
- Immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment shape pancreatic cancer unresponsive to current immunotherapies.World journal of clinical oncology · 2026Review
- Review
- CMTM6-Silencing Microbial Immunotherapy Reprograms PDAC Tumors and Restores T-cell Function.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- CCR-CCL axes as key upstream influencers of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: CCR2-CCL2, CCR5-CCL5, CCR4-CCL17/22, CCR6-CCL20, CCR7-CCL19/21.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- CAR-Macrophage Cell Therapy: A New Era of Hope for Pancreatic Cancer.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2025Review
- Modulating the CXCR2 Signaling Axis Using Engineered Chemokine Fusion Proteins to Disrupt Myeloid Cell Infiltration in Pancreatic Cancer.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- Inflammation, microbiota, and pancreatic cancer.Cancer cell international · 2025Review
- The Recruitment and Immune Suppression Mechanisms of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells and Their Impact on Bone Metastatic Cancer.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Review
- Blocking IL1RAP on cancer-associated fibroblasts in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma suppresses IL-1-induced neutrophil recruitment.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Article
- Impairment of Renal and Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cell Compartments in Frailty Syndrome: Link With Oxidative Stress, Plasma Cytokine Profiles, and Nuclear DNA Damage.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2024Article
- Dual roles of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in various diseases: a review.Archives of pharmacal research · 2024Review
- Bioinformatics-based screening and analysis of the key genes involved in the influence of antiangiogenesis on myeloid-derived suppressor cells and their effects on the immune microenvironment.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2024Article
- Article
- Unbiased chemokine receptor screening reveals similar efficacy of lymph node- and tumor-targeted T cell immunotherapy.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2023Article
- HAPLN1 potentiates peritoneal metastasis in pancreatic cancer.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Role of CCL2/CCR2 axis in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and possible Treatments: All options on the Table.International immunopharmacology · 2022Review
- Regulation of pancreatic cancer therapy resistance by chemokines.Seminars in cancer biology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThe development of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is closely tied with the immune system. C-C motif chemokine ligands (CCL) were proved to lead to immune recruitment and training. Thus, we reckoned CCL2 to be the kernel of immune suppression in PDAC tissues.
methodsWe compared normal pancreatic tissues with PDAC tissues according to The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and clinical samples. Flow cytometry was used to identify M-MDSCs. We further demonstrated immune suppression of M-MDSCs according to proliferation rates of CD8
resultsWe found that CCL2 highly increased in PDAC tissues. CCL2 is positively related to CD33 and CD14, markers of monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M-MDSCs). We have demonstrated that CCL2 recruited M-MDSCs into PDAC tissues both in vitro and in vivo. M-MDSCs recruitment is accompanied by sustained immune suppression. Furthermore, we have found that M-MDSCs impeded T cell proliferation and produced high levels of ROS and Arginase, which can be enhanced by CCL2. Mechanistically, CCL2 stimulated M-MDSCs led to a significant upregulation of genes, a large part of which accumulated in the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Treatment of aloesin, MAPK signaling inhibitor, relieved the associated immunosuppressive phenotype induced by CCL2.
conclusionsOur study indicates that PDAC cells produced CCL2, which promoted localized M-MDSC recruitment and immune suppression, thereby promoting tumor progression.
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