Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34525199›Full record

ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2022

Vaccine Impact and Effectiveness of Meningococcal Serogroup ACWY Conjugate Vaccine Implementation in the Netherlands: A Nationwide Surveillance Study.

Milou Ohm, Susan J M Hahné, Arie van der Ende, Elisabeth A M Sanders, Guy A M Berbers, Wilhelmina L M Ruijs, Nina M van Sorge, Hester E de Melker, Mirjam J Knol

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
3.1field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.

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  7. Challenges and Prospects for Eradication ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
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  17. Article
  18. Real-world impact and effectiveness of MenACWY-TT.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Milou OhmCentre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-1417-0564
Susan J M HahnéCentre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Arie van der EndeDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Netherlands Reference Laboratory for Bacterial Meningitis Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Elisabeth A M SandersCentre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Guy A M BerbersCentre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Wilhelmina L M RuijsCentre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Nina M van SorgeDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention and Netherlands Reference Laboratory for Bacterial Meningitis Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Hester E de MelkerCentre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Mirjam J KnolCentre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
National Institute for Public Health and the Environment · NLAmsterdam University Medical Centers · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIn response to the recent serogroup W invasive meningococcal disease (IMD-W) epidemic in the Netherlands, meningococcal serogroup C (MenC) conjugate vaccination for children aged 14 months was replaced with a MenACWY conjugate vaccination, and a mass campaign targeting individuals aged 14-18 years was executed. We investigated the impact of MenACWY vaccination implementation in 2018-2020 on incidence rates and estimated vaccine effectiveness (VE).

methodsWe extracted IMD cases diagnosed between July 2014 and December 2020 from the national surveillance system. We calculated age group-specific incidence rate ratios by comparing incidence rates before (July 2017-March 2018) and after (July 2019-March 2020) MenACWY vaccination implementation. We estimated VE in vaccine-eligible cases using the screening method.

resultsOverall, the IMD-W incidence rate declined by 61% (95% confidence interval [CI], 40 to 74). It declined by 82% (95% CI, 18 to 96) in the vaccine-eligible age group (individuals aged 15-36 months and 14-18 years) and by 57% (95% CI, 34 to 72) in vaccine-noneligible age groups. VE was 92% (95% CI, -20 to 99.5) in vaccine-eligible toddlers (aged 15-36 months). No IMD-W cases were reported in vaccine-eligible teenagers after the campaign.

conclusionsThe MenACWY vaccination program was effective in preventing IMD-W in the target population. The IMD-W incidence reduction in vaccine-noneligible age groups may be caused by indirect effects of the vaccination program. However, disentangling natural fluctuation from vaccine effect was not possible. Our findings encourage the use of toddler and teenager MenACWY vaccination in national immunization programs.

Indexed as

Meningococcal InfectionsMeningococcal VaccinesNeisseria meningitidis, Serogroup CAdolescentHumansNetherlandsSerogroupVaccinationVaccines, ConjugateMeningococcal VaccinesVaccines, Conjugateherd immunityinvasive meningococcal diseasemeningococcal ACWY vaccinationvaccine effectivenessvaccine impact

Identifiers

PMID34525199
PMCPMC9258937
OpenAlexW3199920274

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.