Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34524888›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical microbiology2021

Development of a Nanobody-Based Competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Efficiently and Specifically Detecting Antibodies against Genotype 2 Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Viruses.

Hong Duan, Xu Chen, Jiakai Zhao, Jiahong Zhu, Guixi Zhang, Mengnan Fan, Beibei Zhang, Xueting Wang, Yani Sun, Baoyuan Liu and 2 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical microbiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
3.8field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.

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  9. Nanobodies in animal infectious disease control: diagnosis and therapy.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Hong DuanDepartment of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
Xu ChenDepartment of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
Jiakai ZhaoDepartment of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
Jiahong ZhuDepartment of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
Guixi ZhangDepartment of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
Mengnan FanDepartment of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
Beibei ZhangDepartment of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
Xueting WangDepartment of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
Yani SunDepartment of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
Baoyuan LiuDepartment of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
En-Min ZhouDepartment of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.ORCID 0000-0001-8942-013X
Qin ZhaoDepartment of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.ORCID 0000-0002-8993-7494
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection causes considerable economic loss to the global pig industry. Efficient detection assay is very important for the prevention of the virus infection. Nanobodies are the advantages of small molecular weight, simple genetic engineering, and low production cost for promising diagnostic application. In this study, to develop a nanobody-based competitive ELISA (cELISA) for specifically detecting antibodies against PRRSV, three nanobodies against PRRSV-N protein were screened by camel immunization, library construction, and phage display. Subsequently, a recombinant HEK293S cell line stably secreting nanobody-horseradish peroxidase (HRP) fusion protein against PRRSV-N protein was successfully constructed using the lentivirus transduction assay. Using the cell lines, the fusion protein was easily produced. Then, a novel cELISA was developed using the nanobody-HRP fusion protein for detecting antibodies against PRRSV in pig sera, exhibiting a cut-off value of 23.19% and good sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility. Importantly, the cELISA specifically detect anti-genotype 2 PRRSV antibodies. The cELISA showed more sensitive than the commercial IDEXX ELISA kit by detecting the sequential sera from the challenged pigs. The compliance rate of cELISA with the commercial IDEXX ELISA kit was 96.4%. In addition, the commercial IDEXX ELISA kit can be combined with the developed cELISA for the differential detection of antibodies against genotype 1 and 2 PRRSV in pig sera. Collectively, the developed nanobody-based cELISA showed advantages of simple operation and low production cost and can be as an assay for epidemiological investigation of genotype 2 PRRSV infection in pigs and evaluation after vaccination.

Indexed as

Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory SyndromePorcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virusAnimalsAntibodies, ViralEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayGenotypeReproducibility of ResultsSensitivity and SpecificitySwineAntibodies, Viralcompetitive ELISAgenotype 2 PRRSVHEK293S cellsnanobodynanobody-HRP fusion protein

Identifiers

PMID34524888
PMCPMC8601240
OpenAlexW3200473393

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.