Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34524650›Full record

ReviewBrazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology]2021

Historical, current, and emerging tools for identification and serotyping of Shigella.

Fatima Bachir Halimeh, Rayane Rafei, Marwan Osman, Issmat I Kassem, Seydina M Diene, Fouad Dabboussi, Jean-Marc Rolain, Monzer Hamze

Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology], 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.5field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026
    Review
  3. In Vivo Evaluation of the Effect ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Article
  4. Explainable AI-SERS approach for highly accurate discrimination ofCurrent research in microbial sciences · 2026
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Fatima Bachir HalimehLaboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon.
Rayane RafeiLaboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon.
Marwan OsmanLaboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon.
Issmat I KassemCenter for Food Safety and Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, 1109 Experiment Street, Griffin, GA, 30223-1797, USA.
Seydina M DieneAix-Marseille University, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Faculté de Médecine Et de Pharmacie, 19-21 boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille CEDEX 05, France.
Fouad DabboussiLaboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon.
Jean-Marc RolainAix-Marseille University, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Faculté de Médecine Et de Pharmacie, 19-21 boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille CEDEX 05, France.
Monzer HamzeLaboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon. mhamze@monzerhamze.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7466-5118
Lebanese University · LBMéditerranée Infection Foundation · FRUniversity of Georgia · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The Shigella genus includes serious foodborne disease etiologic agents, with 4 species and 54 serotypes. Identification at species and serotype levels is a crucial task in microbiological laboratories. Nevertheless, the genetic similarity between Shigella spp. and Escherichia coli challenges the correct identification and serotyping of Shigella spp., with subsequent negative repercussions on surveillance, epidemiological investigations, and selection of appropriate treatments. For this purpose, multiple techniques have been developed historically ranging from phenotype-based methods and single or multilocus molecular techniques to whole-genome sequencing (WGS). To facilitate the selection of the most relevant method, we herein provide a global overview of historical and emerging identification and serotyping techniques with a particular focus on the WGS-based approaches. This review highlights the excellent discriminatory power of WGS to more accurately elucidate the epidemiology of Shigella spp., disclose novel promising genomic targets for surveillance methods, and validate previous well-established methods.

Indexed as

Dysentery, BacillarySerotypingShigellaEscherichia coliEscherichia coli InfectionsHumansWhole Genome SequencingEscherichia coliIdentificationSerotypingShigella spp.Whole-genome sequencing

Identifiers

PMID34524650
PMCPMC8441030
OpenAlexW3200599440

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.