Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34524384›Full record

ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2021

Ocular Surface Microbiota in Diabetic Patients With Dry Eye Disease.

Zhang Zhang, Xinrong Zou, Wenwen Xue, Pei Zhang, Shanshan Wang, Haidong Zou

Abstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  6. Ocular Surface Microbiota Alterations Following FS-LASIK and Their Association With Postoperative Dry Eye.The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2026
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  12. TAX1BP1 regulates the apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells in ischemia/reperfusion injury via the NF-kB/PMAIP1 signaling pathway.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2025
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  18. Exploring the Ocular Surface Microbiome and Tear Proteome in Glaucoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Zhang ZhangDepartment of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Xinrong ZouDepartment of Ophthalmology, Fengcheng Hospital, Fengxian District, Shanghai, China.
Wenwen XueShanghai Eye Diseases Prevention & Treatment Centre, Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, China.
Pei ZhangDepartment of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Gonghui Hospital, Shanghai, China.
Shanshan WangDepartment of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Haidong ZouDepartment of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the ocular surface (OS) commensal bacteria profiles of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and dry eye disease (DED). Methods: In the present study, subjects were assigned to four groups: 37 to the diabetic mellitus with dry eye disease (DM with DED) group, 22 to the diabetes mellitus (DM)-only group, 34 to the dry eye disease (DED)-only group, and 22 to the control group. Tear fluid was collected using Schirmer's tear secretion test paper. 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) gene sequencing was used to analyze the bacterial microbiota. Results: The DM with DED group showed the highest operational taxonomic unit (OTU) numbers and alpha diversity and the most different beta diversity. The groups shared the four most abundant phyla, accounting for over 96% of the total abundance. At the genus level, there were 10 types of overlap in the core microbiota in the groups. They showed significant differences between the groups. Additionally, the DM with DED group and the control group showed four unique core genera, respectively. Unclassified Clostridiales and Lactobacillus were the core microbiota members of the DM with DED group, the DM-only group, and the DED-only group, but not the control group. Conclusions: In the present study, our results showed that the patients in the DM with DED group had a more complex and comprehensive ocular surface microbial composition. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to reveal the microbial profile of dry eye disease in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Indexed as

MicrobiotaBacteriaDiabetes MellitusDry Eye SyndromesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRNA, BacterialTearsRNA, Bacterial

Identifiers

PMID34524384
PMCPMC8444464

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.