ArticleInternational journal of oncology2021
Targeting the mTOR pathway using novel ATP‑competitive inhibitors, Torin1, Torin2 and XL388, in the treatment of glioblastoma.
Article in International journal of oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evidence supporting the role of GIGYF2 in synapse development and autism.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Immunometabolic control of macrophage plasticity in wound healing: mechanistic insights and therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Lactate-related biomarkers in severe acute pancreatitis: insights from machine learning, molecular dynamics, and experimental validation.Journal of biological engineering · 2025Article
- Endocytic Pathways and Actin Remodeling Mediate Everolimus-Induced VE-Cadherin Disorganization and Barrier Dysfunction.Cellular and molecular bioengineering · 2025Article
- Medicinal chemistry breakthroughs on ATM, ATR, and DNA-PK inhibitors as prospective cancer therapeutics.Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Inhibition of TRAF3IP2 Modulates NAMPT and NAD Metabolism in Glioblastoma.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2025Article
- A comprehensive analysis of the relationship between inflammasomes and autophagy in human tumors: Recent developments.Journal of cell communication and signaling · 2025Review
- The mTOR Signaling Pathway: Key Regulator and Therapeutic Target for Heart Disease.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- A cross-disease resource of living human microglia identifies disease-enriched subsets and tool compounds recapitulating microglial states.Nature neuroscience · 2024Article
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-2 Signals Clear-Cell Renal Carcinoma Proliferation via Phosphorylated 4E Binding Protein-1 and Mitochondrial Gene Translation.The American journal of pathology · 2024Article
- Discrete Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Signaling Pathways, Stem Cells, and Therapeutic Targets.Cells · 2024Review
- The mTOR Signaling Pathway and mTOR Inhibitors in Cancer: Next-generation Inhibitors and Approaches.Current molecular medicine · 2024Review
- From signalling pathways to targeted therapies: unravelling glioblastoma's secrets and harnessing two decades of progress.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2023Review
- Sequential Treatment with Temozolomide Plus Naturally Derived AT101 as an Alternative Therapeutic Strategy: Insights into Chemoresistance Mechanisms of Surviving Glioblastoma Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- TRAP1 regulates the response of colorectal cancer cells to hypoxia and inhibits ribosome biogenesis under conditions of oxygen deprivation.International journal of oncology · 2022Article
- The Role of NRF2/KEAP1 Pathway in Glioblastoma: Pharmacological Implications.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2022Review
- Research Progress on the Regulation Mechanism of Key Signal Pathways Affecting the Prognosis of Glioma.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), which functions via two multiprotein complexes termed mTORC1 and mTORC2, is positioned in the canonical phosphoinositide 3‑kinase‑related kinase (PI3K)/AKT (PI3K/AKT) pathways. These complexes exert their actions by regulating other important kinases, such as 40S ribosomal S6 kinases (S6K), eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (elF4E)‑binding protein 1 (4E‑BP1) and AKT, to control cell growth, proliferation, migration and survival in response to nutrients and growth factors. Glioblastoma (GB) is a devastating form of brain cancer, where the mTOR pathway is deregulated due to frequent upregulation of the Receptor Tyrosine Kinase/PI3K pathways and loss of the tumor suppressor phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN). Rapamycin and its analogs were less successful in clinical trials for patients with GB due to their incomplete inhibition of mTORC1 and the activation of mitogenic pathways via negative feedback loops. Here, the effects of selective ATP‑competitive dual inhibitors of mTORC1 and mTORC2, Torin1, Torin2 and XL388, are reported. Torin2 exhibited concentration‑dependent pharmacodynamic effects on inhibition of phosphorylation of the mTORC1 substrates S6K
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