ArticleAmerican journal of ophthalmology case reports2021
Sporadic summer outbreak of SHAPU in even years: Does the pattern match with the usual autumn outbreak?
Article in American journal of ophthalmology case reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of Seasonal Hyperacute Panuveitis Syndrome withOphthalmology science · 2026Article
- Landscape Heterogeneity and Changing Bioclimatic Parameters Link to Potential Expansion ofEcology and evolution · 2025Article
- Seasonal Hyperacute Panuveitis from the highest reported altitude: co-occurrence with scleritis - an unusual presentation.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Climate Change and the Impact on Ocular Infectious Diseases: A Narrative Review.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2025Review
- Seasonal hyperacute panuveitis: Call for greater attention to Nepal.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2022Article
- A study on the role of lepidopterism in seasonal fever outbreaks.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeSeasonal Hyperacute Panuveitis (SHAPU), is a mysterious blinding disease seen only in Nepal with a higher prevalence among children usually seen in autumn every alternate odd year since 1975. This report highlights the sporadic summer outbreak in the even years with atypical presentation. OBSERVATIONS: Three patients were diagnosed as SHAPU in the summer (May) of 2020. All of them noted the presence of white moths (Gazalina species) in their environment with or without direct physical contact. The clinical patterns were severe in nature including corneal melting. Two out of three patients (66.6%) developed phthisis bulbi and lost their vision. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPORTANCE: White moth has been associated as a risk factor for SHAPU. Despite the known natural history of appearance after monsoon of every odd year, the few unhatched eggs of the moths may hatch under the favorable circumstances in the summer of the even years and may lead to the sporadic outbreak of SHAPU. Though less in numbers, the clinical presentation of such sporadic SHAPU cases may be atypical with less favorable outcome.
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