ArticleRegenerative therapy2021
Repair of spinal cord injury in rats via exosomes from bone mesenchymal stem cells requires sonic hedgehog.
Article in Regenerative therapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Conditioned Medium Treatment for the Improvement of Functional Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury: A Meta-Analysis Study.Current stem cell research & therapy · 2025Pooled it
- Repair of spinal cord injury by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis based on rat models.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2024Pooled it
- Therapeutic Effect of Exosomes Derived From Stem Cells in Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review Based on Animal Studies.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Pooled it
- Research progress on the Sonic Hedgehog signaling pathway in the central nervous system: Novel insights.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Cell Therapy for Spinal Cord Injury: Mechanistic Insights and Translational Challenges.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles drive early neuroprotective and anti-apoptotic responses in spinal cord injury organotypic slices.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Article
- Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Therapeutic Signaling in Spinal Cord Injury.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Sonic Hedgehog signaling in spinal cord injury: mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2025Review
- Exosomes as promising bioactive materials in the treatment of spinal cord injury.Stem cell research & therapy · 2024Review
- Exosomes: new targets for understanding axon guidance in the developing central nervous system.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Review
- Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles therapy in traumatic central nervous system diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Neural regeneration research · 2023Article
- The Effect of Collagen and Fibrin Hydrogels Encapsulated with Adipose Tissue Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes for Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury in a Rat Model.Iranian journal of biotechnology · 2023Article
- Putative Wound Healing Induction Functions of Exosomes Isolated from IMMUNEPOTENT CRP.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- MSC based gene delivery methods and strategies improve the therapeutic efficacy of neurological diseases.Bioactive materials · 2023Review
- Exosomes combined with biomaterials in the treatment of spinal cord injury.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Review
- Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles: emerging concepts in the treatment of spinal cord injury.American journal of translational research · 2023Review
- Exosomes as Neurological Nanosized Machines.ACS nanoscience Au · 2022Review
- Article
- Research progress on the hedgehog signalling pathway in regulating bone formation and homeostasis.Cell proliferation · 2022Review
- The Role of Exosomes and Exosomal Noncoding RNAs From Different Cell Sources in Spinal Cord Injury.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe loss of neural ability leading to subsequent diminishing of motor function and the impairment below the location of the injury is a result of the SCI (Spinal Cord Injury). Among the many therapeutic agents for SCI, the exosomes considered as extracellular vesicles seem to be the most promising. Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) is an exosome-carrying protein. This Study's purpose was to identify whether Shh is required for exosomes from BMSCs (mesenchymal stem cells of the bone) and plays a protective effect on SCI.
methodsSpinal cord injection with shRNA Shh-adeno associated virus (sh-Shh-AAV) were used to silence Shh. Exosomes were extracted from BMSCs. Rats that had suffered SCI were given intravenous injections of exosomes through the veins of the tail. Immunohistochemistry was used to identify the expression of Shh glycoprotein molecule as well as the expression of Gli-1 (glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1) in the rat spinal cord tissues. Western blot was performed to measure the levels of growth associated protein-43 (GAP-43). The BBB (Basso Beattie Bresnahan) score was used to assess the motor functions of the hind legs. In the same manner, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling or TUNEL and Nissl Staining was deployed to assess the level of regeneration of neurons and assess the level of histopathological damage in the tissues of the Spinal Cord.
resultsIn the case of the rats with SCI, the levels of display of Gli-1 and Shh showed dramatic improvement after the BMSCs exosome injections. In comparison to rats with SCI, the subjects of BMSCs exosomes group showed an improvement in their SCI, including a higher BBB score and Nissl body count, increasing GAP-43 expression, along with a much-decreased number of cells that suffered apoptosis. While the exosome effect on Spinal Cord Injury was completely ineffective in rats that had Shh silencing.
conclusionsExosomes secreted from BMSCs showed great effectiveness in the SCI healing with a vital involvement of Shh in this repair.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.