Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34522534›Full record

ReviewCureus2021

Systematic Review of Serum Biomarkers in Traumatic Brain Injury.

Khashayar Mozaffari, Dillon Dejam, Courtney Duong, Kevin Ding, Alexis French, Edwin Ng, Komal Preet, Alyssa Franks, Isabelle Kwan, H Westley Phillips and 2 more

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Cureus, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Khashayar MozaffariNeurosurgery, Ronald Reagan University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA.
Dillon DejamNeurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.
Courtney DuongNeurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.
Kevin DingNeurosurgery, Ronald Reagan University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA.
Alexis FrenchNeurosurgery, Ronald Reagan University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA.
Edwin NgNeurosurgery, Ronald Reagan University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA.
Komal PreetNeurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.
Alyssa FranksNeurosurgery, Ronald Reagan University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA.
Isabelle KwanNeurosurgery, Ronald Reagan University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA.
H Westley PhillipsNeurosurgery, Ronald Reagan University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA.
Dennis Y KimBiomedical Sciences, Harbor University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA.
Isaac YangNeurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.

Funding

UCLA Neurosurgery Research Training and Education ProgramR25NS079198 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI LIAU, LINDA M · 2012 to 2021
$1.2M
NINDS NIH HHS R25 NS079198
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is responsible for the majority of trauma-related deaths and is a leading cause of disability. It is characterized by an inflammatory process involved in the progression of secondary brain injury. TBI is measured by the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) with scores ranging from 15-3, demonstrating mild to severe brain injury. Apart from this clinical assessment of TBI, compendiums of literature have been published on TBI-related serum markers.Herein we create a comprehensive appraisal of the most prominent serum biomarkers used in the assessment and care of TBI.The PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases were queried with the terms "biomarker" and "traumatic brain injury" as search terms with only full-text, English articles within the past 10 years selected. Non-human studies were excluded, and only adult patients fell within the purview of this analysis. A total of 528 articles were analyzed in the initial search with 289 selected for screening. A further 152 were excluded for primary screening. Of the remaining 137, 54 were included in the final analysis. Serum biomarkers were listed into the following broad categories for ease of discussion: immune markers and markers of inflammation, hormones as biomarkers, coagulation and vasculature, genetic polymorphisms, antioxidants and oxidative stress, apoptosis and degradation pathways, and protein markers. Glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP), S100, and neurons specific enolase (NSE) were the most prominent and frequently cited markers. Amongst these three, no single serum biomarker demonstrated neither superior sensitivity nor specificity compared to the other two, therefore noninvasive panels should incorporate these three serum biomarkers to retain sensitivity and maximize specificity for TBI.

Indexed as

biomarkersglial fibrillary acidic proteinneuron specific enolases100 calcium binding protein btraumatic brain injury

Identifiers

PMID34522534
PMCPMC8428323

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.