ArticleJCI insight2021
Trauma-induced heme release increases susceptibility to bacterial infection.
Article in JCI insight, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Hallmarks of the multidimensional immune response to trauma in humans.Nature immunology · 2026Review
- Article
- Receptor-Dependent and -Independent Effects of Hemin on Platelet Plasma Membrane Disintegration.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Article
- Mitochondria as Inducers of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps.Inflammation · 2026Review
- Heme in Bacterial Pathogenesis and as an Antimicrobial Target.Chemical reviews · 2025Review
- The Multitarget Compound ZLY032 Achieves Treatment of Chronic Wounds.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- The role of heme in sepsis induced Kupffer cell PANoptosis and senescence.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- Heme-induced lung injury in human precision cut lung slices: a new model for acute lung injury.Respiratory research · 2025Article
- Elevated cell-free hemoglobin: A novel early biomarker following traumatic injury.The journal of trauma and acute care surgery · 2025Article
- Innovative nebulization delivery of lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated siRNA: a therapeutic advance for Staphylococcus aureus-induced pneumonia.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Article
- Cell-Free Hemoglobin in the Pathophysiology of Trauma: A Scoping Review.Critical care explorations · 2024Article
- The clinical relevance of heme detoxification by the macrophage heme oxygenase system.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Severe thermal and major traumatic injury results in elevated plasma concentrations of total heme that are associated with poor clinical outcomes and systemic immune suppression.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Multifunctional Cationic Hyperbranched Polyaminoglycosides that Target Multiple Mediators for Severe Abdominal Trauma Management.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Natural self-healing injectable hydrogels loaded with exosomes and berberine for infected wound healing.Materials today. Bio · 2023Article
- Heme: The Lord of the Iron Ring.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Extracellular mitochondria drive CD8 T cell dysfunction in trauma by upregulating CD39.Thorax · 2023Article
- The immune suppressive properties of damage associated molecular patterns in the setting of sterile traumatic injury.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Identifying biomarkers deciphering sepsis from trauma-induced sterile inflammation and trauma-induced sepsis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Preparation and in Vitro Property Research of Cholic Acid Nanoparticles with Dual-functions of Hemostasis and Antibacterial.Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPRArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Infection is a common complication of major trauma that causes significantly increased morbidity and mortality. The mechanisms, however, linking tissue injury to increased susceptibility to infection remain poorly understood. To study this relationship, we present a potentially novel murine model in which a major liver crush injury is followed by bacterial inoculation into the lung. We find that such tissue trauma both impaired bacterial clearance and was associated with significant elevations in plasma heme levels. While neutrophil (PMN) recruitment to the lung in response to Staphylococcus aureus was unchanged after trauma, PMN cleared bacteria poorly. Moreover, PMN show > 50% less expression of TLR2, which is responsible, in part, for bacterial recognition. Administration of heme effectively substituted for trauma. Finally, day 1 trauma patients (n = 9) showed similar elevations in free heme compared with that seen after murine liver injury, and circulating PMN showed similar TLR2 reduction compared with volunteers (n = 6). These findings correlate to high infection rates.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.