ArticleJournal of extracellular vesicles2021
Formation of a protein corona on the surface of extracellular vesicles in blood plasma.
Article in Journal of extracellular vesicles, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 309 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
309 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 452 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Systematic review of changes in extracellular vesicles associated with obstructive sleep apnoea: implications for diagnosis and treatment.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2025Pooled it
- Varying Influence of Menstrual Cycle Phase and Hormonal Contraceptive Use on Resistance Exercise-Induced Circulating Extracellular Vesicle and Metabolite Signalling.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Trial
- The effects of aerobic and resistance exercise on the lipid profile of extracellular vesicles.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Trial
- Enrichment and Proteomic Profiling of Stromal-Associated Extracellular Vesicle Subpopulations From Arthritic Synovial Fluid by Size-Exclusion Chromatography Coupled to CD90-Directed Immunocapture.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- The Proteome of Plasma Extracellular Vesicles in Latent and Active Tuberculosis Reveals Phase-Specific Composition and Immunometabolic Insights.FASEB bioAdvances · 2026Article
- Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Shaping Immune Responses in the Lymph Node Microenvironment.Biology of the cell · 2026Review
- Balancing stability and cellular interaction in surface-engineered small extracellular vesicles for pulmonary delivery.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Tissue-Specific Isolation of Hepatocyte Extracellular Vesicles From Human Plasma Enables Tissue-Resolved Proteomic and miRNA Profiling.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- Heparin Can Augment Extracellular Vesicle Yield by Inhibiting Reuptake in Donor Cells During Cell Propagation.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- Conserved and Tissue-Specific RNA and Protein Cargos of Small Extracellular Vesicles From 120 Tissue Sites Across 34 Organs in a Single Pig.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- Optimizing plasma-derived small extracellular vesicle purification to enhance downstream applications.iScience · 2026Article
- Beyond Exosomes: Biological Properties, Isolation Challenges, and Functional Redefinition of Non-Vesicular Extracellular Nanoparticles (NVEPs).Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Exploring differences in protein cargo of extracellular vesicles from ME/CFS patient plasma compared to healthy controls.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Article
- GW4869 Depletes Macrophages and Increases Number of Extracellular Vesicles in Murine Peritoneal Cavity Fluid.Journal of extracellular biology · 2026Article
- Surface Proteomics of Cancer-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Reveals Universal Heat Shock Proteins and Cancer Signatures.Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP · 2026Article
- Size-Based Proteomic Signatures of Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Fractionated by EXODUS.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Exosome-Associated Proteins as Mediators and Biomarkers of Ovarian Cancer Dissemination.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Surface charge engineering shields extracellular vesicles from plasma protein corona to enable systemic extrahepatic targeting.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- High-Throughput Equine Plasma Profiling Using Laser-Assisted Rapid Evaporative Ionisation Mass Spectrometry.Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS · 2026Article
249 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
In this study we tested whether a protein corona is formed around extracellular vesicles (EVs) in blood plasma. We isolated medium-sized nascent EVs of THP1 cells as well as of Optiprep-purified platelets, and incubated them in EV-depleted blood plasma from healthy subjects and from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. EVs were subjected to differential centrifugation, size exclusion chromatography, or density gradient ultracentrifugation followed by mass spectrometry. Plasma protein-coated EVs had a higher density compared to the nascent ones and carried numerous newly associated proteins. Interactions between plasma proteins and EVs were confirmed by confocal microscopy, capillary Western immunoassay, immune electron microscopy and flow cytometry. We identified nine shared EV corona proteins (ApoA1, ApoB, ApoC3, ApoE, complement factors 3 and 4B, fibrinogen α-chain, immunoglobulin heavy constant γ2 and γ4 chains), which appear to be common corona proteins among EVs, viruses and artificial nanoparticles in blood plasma. An unexpected finding of this study was the high overlap of the composition of the protein corona with blood plasma protein aggregates. This is explained by our finding that besides a diffuse, patchy protein corona, large protein aggregates also associate with the surface of EVs. However, while EVs with an external plasma protein cargo induced an increased expression of TNF-α, IL-6, CD83, CD86 and HLA-DR of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells, EV-free protein aggregates had no effect. In conclusion, our data may shed new light on the origin of the commonly reported plasma protein 'contamination' of EV preparations and may add a new perspective to EV research.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.