ReviewJournal of racial and ethnic health disparities2022
Diagnostic and Medication Treatment Disparities in African American Children with ADHD: a Literature Review.
Review in Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Bridging diagnostic safety and mental health: a systematic review highlighting inequities in autism spectrum disorder diagnosis.BMJ quality & safety · 2026Pooled it
- Disparities in treatment initiation following diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Review
- Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Subtypes Defined by Cognition Have a Distinct Neural and Clinical Profile and Differ in Response to Atomoxetine.Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 2026Article
- Racial Biases in Parent-Teacher Ratings of Childhood ADHD Symptoms: Roles of Implicit and Explicit Racial Attitudes and Stereotypes.Child psychiatry and human development · 2025Article
- Treatment Approaches and Growth Parameters in Pediatric ADHD: Examining Differences Across Race.Child psychiatry and human development · 2025Article
- "I Been Taking Adderall Mixing it With Lean, Hope I Don't Wake Up Out My Sleep": Harnessing Twitter to Understand Nonmedical Prescription Stimulant Use among Black Women and Men Subscribers.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Diagnostic error in mental health: a review.BMJ quality & safety · 2024Review
- Changes in real-world dispensing of ADHD stimulants in youth from 2019 to 2021 in California.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Impact of a Publicly-Funded Pharmacare Program on Prescription Stimulant use Among Children and Youth: A Population-Based Observational Natural Experiment.Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie · 2023Article
- A Narrative Review of the Association between Prematurity and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Accompanying Inequities across the Life-Course.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Sociodemographic disparities in ADHD diagnosis and treatment among U.S. elementary schoolchildren.Psychiatry research · 2023Article
- Treatment of US Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Sociodemographic Disparities in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Overdiagnosis and Overtreatment During Elementary School.Journal of learning disabilitiesArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDespite a national focus on achieving health equity, limited attention has been paid to behavioral and pediatric health disparities. As the most common pediatric neurobehavioral disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) provides an opportunity to assess the status of pediatric behavior health disparities. The purpose of this literature review is to provide a synthesis of existing research on ADHD diagnostic and treatment disparities between African American and White children.
methodsStudies were systematically identified through searches in PubMed, CINAHL, and APA PsycInfo using the terms attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, disparity, race, ethnicity, diagnosis, medication, and treatment. Summary calculations were conducted to report the proportions of studies with statistically significant differences in ADHD diagnosis and treatment between White and African American children, and to describe trends in disparities over time.
resultsForty-one studies were included in this review. The majority of studies identified significant disparities in ADHD diagnosis and medication treatment between African American and White children. While diagnostic disparities show a trend toward reduction over time, a similar trend was not observed in medication treatment disparities. This synthesis provides a critique of the existing literature and recommendations for practice and future research.
Indexed as
Identifiers
34520001What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.