ReviewEndocrine connections2021
100 YEARS OF VITAMIN D: Dose-response for change in 25-hydroxyvitamin D after UV exposure: outcome of a systematic review.
Review in Endocrine connections, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vitamin D intakes and health outcomes in infants and preschool children: Summary of an evidence report.Annals of medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Vitamin D in Photosynthetic Organisms and Fungi: Sterol Photochemistry, UV-B Availability, and Biofortification Potential.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Omalizumab Therapy Results in Defined Behavioural Changes and Improvements in Quality of Life in Solar Urticaria.Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine · 2026Article
- 25-Hydroxyvitamin DCommunications medicine · 2026Article
- Skin Photoaging and the Biological Mechanism of the Protective Effects of Hesperidin and Derived Molecules.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Article
- Environmental consequences of interacting effects of changes in stratospheric ozone, ultraviolet radiation, and climate: UNEP Environmental Effects Assessment Panel, Update 2024.Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2025Article
- Article
- Globally Estimated UVB Exposure Times Required to Maintain Sufficiency in Vitamin D Levels.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Review
- Scientific opinion on the tolerable upper intake level for vitamin D, including the derivation of a conversion factor for calcidiol monohydrate.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2023Article
- Vitamin D and Sun Exposure: A Community Survey in Australia.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2023Article
- Results of longitudinal Nutri-D study: factors influencing winter and summer vitamin D status in a Caucasian population.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- 100 YEARS OF VITAMIN D: Light and health: a century after the therapeutic use of UV light and vitamin D, hormones advanced medical care.Endocrine connections · 2022Article
- Moderate Sun Exposure Is the Complementor in Insufficient Vitamin D Consumers.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A systematic review of publications addressing change in vitamin D status (25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD)) after exposure to UV radiation identified 2001 independent peer-reviewed publications. Of these, 21 used artificial sources of UV radiation, met all inclusion criteria and were quality assured; 13 publications used solar radiation and met sufficient inclusion criteria to be retained as supporting evidence; 1 further included publication used both solar and artificial sources. The review consistently identified that low dose, sub-erythemal doses are more effective for vitamin D synthesis than doses close to a minimum erythema dose; increasing skin area exposed increases the amount of vitamin D synthesised although not necessarily in a linear manner; constant dosing leads to a dose-dependent plateau in 25OHD, and dose-response is greatest at the start of a dosing regime; there is a large interpersonal variation in response to UV exposure. Fourteen of the studies using artificial sources of radiation were used to determine a dose-response relationship for change in 25OHD on whole-body exposure to repeated sub-erythemal doses of UV radiation, taking the form Δ25OHD (nmol/L) = A ln(standard vitamin D dose) + B. This helps quantify our understanding of UV as a source of vitamin D and enables exposure regimes for safe synthesis of vitamin D to be assessed. Specific studies of people with pigmented skin (Fitzpatrick skin types 5 and 6) were rare, and this dose-response relationship is only applicable to white-skinned individuals as skin type is a determinant of response to UV radiation. Findings provide information for vitamin D guidance updates.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.