ReviewNature reviews. Endocrinology2021
Update on the pathogenesis and treatment of skeletal fragility in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Review in Nature reviews. Endocrinology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 152 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
152 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 219 citations in OpenAlex.
- Performance of AI in Predicting the Progression of Gestational Diabetes to Type 2 Diabetes: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Pooled it
- Body mass index and subsequent fracture risk: a meta-analysis to update FRAX.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2025Pooled it
- Predictive value of machine learning for the progression of gestational diabetes mellitus to type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2025Pooled it
- Association of metformin use with fracture risk in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022 · on this mapPooled it
- Diabetes Mellitus and the Benefit of Antiresorptive Therapy on Fracture Risk.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2022Trial
- Integrated apoptotic extracellular vesicle-recruitment peptide coating reprograms the diabetic bone microenvironment and orchestrates enhanced implant osseointegration.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- Prevalence, risk factors and adverse health outcomes of osteosarcopenia in middle-aged and older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus-a scoping review.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2026Review
- Bioelectric signals promote diabetic bone regeneration through Piezo1-mediated activation of the efferocytic immune microenvironment.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- Hierarchical Nanoplatform Integrating Oxidative-Acidic Microenvironment Remodeling and Bone Homeostasis Modulation for Diabetic Bone Defect Therapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Bone Aging and Glycative Stress: Convergent and Divergent Mechanisms Driving Skeletal Deterioration.Cells · 2026Review
- Association of composite inflammatory indicators with osteoporosis and sarcopenia in type 2 diabetes mellitus: the mediating role of inflammation.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Article
- Elevated fracture risk in a Danish cohort with type 2 diabetes mellitus and microvascular diseases.JBMR plus · 2026Article
- Pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of secondary osteoporosis.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2026Review
- Engineered Microalgae Promoting Angiogenesis for Diabetic Bone Regeneration.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- From metabolic node to smart building block: α-Ketoglutarate-empowered biomaterials for programmable cell fate.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Associations of Semaglutide With Skeletal Outcomes in People With Obesity, With and Without Type 2 Diabetes: A Target Trial Emulation.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- An Observational Study of Post-hip Fracture Outcomes in Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Article
- Smart immunomodulatory polysaccharide hydrogels promote diabetic bone regeneration by regulating the inflammation-angiogenesis-osteogenesis axis.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Milk-derived exosome-based strategy targeting ferroptosis-glycolysis network promotes bone regeneration in diabetic aging comorbidity.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Not all prediabetes is the same in its effect for bone health.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2026Article
92 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Fracture risk is increased in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In addition, these patients sustain fractures despite having higher levels of areal bone mineral density, as measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, than individuals without T2DM. Thus, additional factors such as alterations in bone quality could have important roles in mediating skeletal fragility in patients with T2DM. Although the pathogenesis of increased fracture risk in T2DM is multifactorial, impairments in bone material properties and increases in cortical porosity have emerged as two key skeletal abnormalities that contribute to skeletal fragility in patients with T2DM. In addition, indices of bone formation are uniformly reduced in patients with T2DM, with evidence from mouse studies published over the past few years linking this abnormality to accelerated skeletal ageing, specifically cellular senescence. In this Review, we highlight the latest advances in our understanding of the mechanisms of skeletal fragility in patients with T2DM and suggest potential novel therapeutic approaches to address this problem.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.