ArticleBMC musculoskeletal disorders2021
Prevalence of and risk factors for hallux rigidus: a cross-sectional study in Japan.
Article in BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Medial Naviculocuneiform Arthritis Associated With Central Tarsometatarsal Arthritis: Case Series of a Distinct Midfoot Arthritis Pattern.Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews · 2026Article
- Radiographic prevalence and associated factors of hallux rigidus in a large-scale population-based cohort.Osteoarthritis and cartilage open · 2025Article
- Biomechanical characteristics of medial plantar load and rearfoot valgus in young female adults with hallux valgus: a cross-sectional study.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2025Article
- Exploration of the causal association between osteoarthritis and ankle-foot diseases: evidence from the Mendelian randomization and colocalization analysis.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2025Article
- Exploring the Association of Hallux Limitus with Baropodometric Gait Pattern Changes.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Range of Flexion Improvement in Degenerative Stages of the First Metatarsophalangeal Joint (Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2024Article
- Unraveling the genetic association between knee osteoarthritis and hallux deformities.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2024Article
- Evaluation of Gait Parameters on Subjects with Hallux Limitus Using an Optogait Sensor System: A Case-Control Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
- Clinical Outcomes After Joint-Preserving and Joint-Sacrificing Surgery for Hallux Rigidus.Cureus · 2023Article
- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Prevalence of Hallux Valgus in the General Population.Cureus · 2023Review
- Implications of obesity in patients with foot and ankle pathology.World journal of orthopedics · 2023Review
- Global research trends and hotspots analysis of hallux valgus: A bibliometric analysis from 2004 to 2021.Frontiers in surgery · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHallux rigidus (HR) is a common osteoarthritis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint. However, the epidemiology and risk factors of this pathology have yet to be clarified.
methodsWe have been conducting cohort studies among individuals over 50 years old every 2 years since 1997. This study analyzed data from the 7th to 10th checkups in 2009, 2011, 2013, and 2015. We investigated the prevalence of HR and its risk factors in a total of 604 individuals (mean age, 67.1 ± 6.4 years; 208 men, 396 women). Radiographic HR was defined as Hattrup and Johnson classification grade 1 or higher. Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) was scored according to the Kellgren-Lawrence grading system. Radiographic KOA was defined as grade 2 or higher. Cases with a hallux valgus (HV) angle of 20° or higher were defined as showing HV. Statistical analyses were performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test, Fisher's exact test, logistic regression modeling, and the Cochran-Armitage trend test. All p-values presented are two-sided and values of p < .05 were considered statistically significant.
resultsThe prevalence of HR was 26.7% (161/604). Rates of grade 0, 1, 2, and 3 HR according to the Hattrup and Johnson classification were 73.3% (443/604), 16.4% (99/604), 8.0% (48/604), and 2.3% (14/604), respectively. Overall ratio of symptomatic HR was 8.1%. Univariate analysis revealed KOA, gout attack (GA), and HV as significantly associated with HR. The same factors were confirmed as independent risk factors for HR in multivariate analysis. All parameters were significantly associated with HR. Odds ratios of KOA, HV, and GA for HR were 1.73, 3.98, and 3.86, respectively. The presence or absence of KOA was significantly associated with severity of HR.
conclusionsThis study revealed that the prevalence of HR in the elderly (≥50 years) was 26.7%. KOA, HV, and GA were independent risk factors for HR. KOA was associated with severity of HR.
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