ArticleInternational journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases2021
Coronavirus disease 2019 and the gut-lung axis.
Article in International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Microbiome dysbiosis in long COVID: a scoping review of mechanistic insights, symptom associations, and therapeutic targets.Gut pathogens · 2026Review
- Design of a sustained-release nanosystem for ultra-efficient absorption of anthocyanins and regulating lung damage through the "lung-gut" axis.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Gastrointestinal complications in intensive care.Medical review (2021) · 2025Review
- Gastrointestinal Infiltration in Influenza Virus Infection: Mechanisms and Clinical Insights.Viruses · 2025Review
- Human microbiome in post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PACS).Current research in microbial sciences · 2025Article
- Review
- COVID-19 and Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding; Etiology, Risk Factors, and Outcomes: A Case-Control Study.Middle East journal of digestive diseases · 2025Article
- The Physical Condition and Mental Health of Chinese College Students 3 Months After COVID-19 Recovery.American journal of lifestyle medicine · 2024Article
- Novel Probiotic BacteriumMicroorganisms · 2023Article
- Unravelling the gut-lung axis: insights into microbiome interactions and Traditional Indian Medicine's perspective on optimal health.FEMS microbiology ecology · 2023Review
- Temporal changes in fecal microbiota of patients infected with COVID-19: a longitudinal cohort.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Observational
- Review
- Post-infection functional gastrointestinal disorders following coronavirus disease-19: a prospective follow-up cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Weil's Disease-Immunopathogenesis, Multiple Organ Failure, and Potential Role of Gut Microbiota.Biomolecules · 2022Review
- The Incidence of Post-infectious Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Anxiety, and Depression in Iranian Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study.The Turkish journal of gastroenterology : the official journal of Turkish Society of Gastroenterology · 2022Article
- Gut-Lung Microbiota Interaction in COPD Patients: A Literature Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Review
- Gut microbiota and COVID-19: An intriguing pediatric perspective.World journal of clinical cases · 2022Review
- Altered gut microbiota patterns in COVID-19: Markers for inflammation and disease severity.World journal of gastroenterology · 2022Review
- Assessment of Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Dyspnea in Patients Hospitalized due to COVID-19: Contribution to Clinical Course and Mortality.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Advances in the Prophylaxis of Respiratory Infections by the Nasal and the Oromucosal Route: Relevance to the Fight with the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Gastrointestinal and respiratory tract diseases often occur together. There are many overlapping pathologies, leading to the concept of the 'gut-lung axis' in which stimulation on one side triggers a response on the other side. This axis appears to be implicated in infections involving severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which has triggered the global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, in which respiratory symptoms of fever, cough and dyspnoea often occur together with gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhoea. Besides the gut-lung axis, it should be noted that the gut participates in numerous axes which may affect lung function, and consequently the severity of COVID-19, through several pathways. This article focuses on the latest evidence and the mechanisms that drive the operation of the gut-lung axis, and discusses the interaction between the gut-lung axis and its possible involvement in COVID-19 from the perspective of microbiota, microbiota metabolites, microbial dysbiosis, common mucosal immunity and angiotensin-converting enzyme II, raising hypotheses and providing methods to guide future research on this new disease and its treatments.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.