ArticleScience advances2021
Neutrophil extracellular traps enhance macrophage killing of bacterial pathogens.
Article in Science advances, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 96 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
96 citing papers in PubMed.
- Interfacial mild alkalinity shapes Neutrophil immunometabolism through sphingolipid remodeling to enhance antibacterial host defense.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Phenotypic switching of gastrointestinal smooth muscle cells and the regulatory role of macrophages: a literature review.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026Review
- Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in the Tumor Microenvironment: Mechanisms, Immune Regulation, and Implications for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Basophil Extracellular Traps in Immunity and Disease.Cancers · 2026Review
- ROS-responsive nanogels enable inhaled CD24 immunotherapy for selective hyperinflammation suppression in severe pneumonia.Science advances · 2026Article
- TLR7/9 and type I interferon signaling reprogram neutrophil NET responses and impair antibacterial defense in systemic lupus erythematosus.Cell press blue · 2026Article
- Upregulation of S100A9 in orbital tissues of patients with thyroid eye disease.International ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Engineered Neutrophils in Translational Medicine: Gene Editing, Nanotechnology, and AI-Driven Clinical Breakthroughs.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- Macrophages Intracellularly Gelated With Bioactive Hydrogels for Synergistic Neutralization, Eradication, and Osteopromotion in Periodontitis Treatment.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Review
- Neutrophil extracellular traps promote macrophage activation through Toll-like receptor engagement and PKA and NF-kB signaling pathways.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Article
- Inducing bacterial calcification for systematic treatment and immunomodulation against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.Nature biotechnology · 2026Article
- A robust adhesive microneedle for oral infections therapy via synergistic antibacterial and neutrophil-macrophage axis immunomodulation.Science advances · 2026Article
- Photothermal-Immunomodulatory Hydrogel Reinforced by TiAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Unravelling the noncanonical extracellular DNA structures in biofilm and NETosis.Nucleic acids research · 2026Review
- Neutrophil extracellular traps contribute significantly to vascular dysfunction in sepsis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- The S100A8/A9-NETosis feedback loop in sepsis: potential mechanisms, immune crosstalk, and therapeutic targeting.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Dry Eye: A Comprehensive Review of Pathogenic Mechanisms and Implications for Targeted Therapy.International journal of general medicine · 2026Review
- Mapping benefit, risk, and opportunity in PAD4 inhibition.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Targeting innate immunity in cancer: mechanistic foundations, therapeutic vaccination, and clinical translation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
36 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Neutrophils and macrophages are critical to the innate immune response, but cooperative mechanisms used by these cells to combat extracellular pathogens are not well understood. This study reveals that S100A9-deficient neutrophils produce higher levels of mitochondrial superoxide in response to
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.