ArticleInternational journal of clinical practice2021
Prevalence and predictors of self-medication drugs to prevent or treat COVID-19: Experience from a Middle Eastern country.
Article in International journal of clinical practice, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Adaptations in the role of pharmacists under the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC health services research · 2023Pooled it
- A systematic review of self-medication practice during the COVID-19 pandemic: implications for pharmacy practice in supporting public health measures.Frontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- Prevalence of self-medication during COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2022Pooled it
- Assessment of knowledge, attitudes and behaviors related to self-medication practices among the adult population during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Prevalence of self-medication with vitamin or mineral supplements in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC nutrition · 2025Article
- Patterns of self-medication and intention to seek pharmacist guidance among older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Macao: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Prevalence of Self-Medication Practice and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women Who Attended Antenatal Care at Public Hospitals of North Shewa Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia.Advances in pharmacological and pharmaceutical sciences · 2024Article
- Evidence of validity of the Risk Self-Medication Questionnaire focused on Health Literacy.Revista brasileira de enfermagem · 2024Article
- Oral Corticosteroid Abuse and Self-Prescription in Italy: A Perspective from Community Pharmacists and Sales Reports before and during the COVID-19 Era.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Article
- Article
- Information sources, attitudes, and practices of Self-Medication by Jordanian patients: A cross-sectional study.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2023Article
- Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Self-Medication Including Antibiotics among Health Care Professionals during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Pakistan: Findings and Implications.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Prevalence and influencing factors of self-medication during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Arab region: a multinational cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Use of antimicrobials during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study among stakeholders in Nepal.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- Antibiotic Self-Medication Patterns and Associated Factors in the Context of COVID-19, Medellín, Colombia: A Survey Based Cross Sectional Study.Patient preference and adherence · 2023Article
- Prevalence and Correlates of Self-Medication Practices for Prevention and Treatment of COVID-19: A Systematic Review.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Self-Medication with Antibiotics during COVID-19 in the Eastern Mediterranean Region Countries: A Review.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Prevalence, pattern and predictors of self-medication for COVID-19 among residents in Umuahia, Abia State, Southeast Nigeria: policy and public health implications.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2022Article
- Article
- Self-Medication Practices in Medical Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe lack of definitive cure for COVID-19 and the late introduction of a vaccine were responsible to push the general public to look for a remedy to treat or prevent COVID-19. The objective of this study was to evaluate patterns and factors that affect self-medication practices in Jordan during the pandemic.
methodsThis was a cross-sectional study using an online questionnaire that was developed, piloted and distributed to the general public via various social media platforms. The questionnaire assessed the type of drugs and treatments used to self-medicate, the reasons behind their self-medication, and the factors affecting their practices.
resultsA total of 1179 participants (females 46.4%) with a mean age of 32 (SD = 12.5) completed the questionnaire. The overall prevalence of the use of at least one product to treat or prevent COVID-19 was 80.4%. The most commonly used products to self-medicate were vitamin C (57.6%), followed by paracetamol (51.9%), zinc (44.8%) and vitamin D (32.5%). Female gender (odds ratio [OR]) = 1.603, working in the medical field (OR = 1.697), and history of COVID-19 infection (OR = 2.026) were variables associated with self-medication. The most common sources of participants' information about drugs to prevent or treat COVID-19 were newspapers (n = 519, 44.0%), followed by pharmacists (43.4%), friends (33.8%) and internet searching such as Google (30.7%).
conclusionThis study identified the main drugs and supplements used during COVID-19 and the motives behind their use. It also identified the most influential source of information on the public during the pandemic. Self-medication can lead to worsening of the patient's health and delay seeking medical advice from healthcare professionals. Efforts should be done to help mitigate risks of self-medications by active involvement of pharmacists and other members of healthcare team to refute false claims about drug, especially in the media.
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