Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34515402›Full record

ReviewEMBO reports2021

The ubiquitin ligation machinery in the defense against bacterial pathogens.

Ishita Tripathi-Giesgen, Christian Behrends, Arno F Alpi

Open access · hybridAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in EMBO reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
32citing papers in PubMed
3.1field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

32 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Proximity labeling of thebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  5. TheeLife · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. SMURF2 inhibits autophagic control ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  10. ThebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Inducible antibacterial responses in macrophages.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2025
    Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. In situ snapshots along a mammalian selective autophagy pathway.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Ishita Tripathi-GiesgenDepartment of Molecular Machines and Signaling, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany.
Christian BehrendsMunich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, München, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-9184-7607
Arno F AlpiDepartment of Molecular Machines and Signaling, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-9572-7266
Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry · DEMunich Cluster for Systems Neurology · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The ubiquitin system is an important part of the host cellular defense program during bacterial infection. This is in particular evident for a number of bacteria including Salmonella Typhimurium and Mycobacterium tuberculosis which-inventively as part of their invasion strategy or accidentally upon rupture of seized host endomembranes-become exposed to the host cytosol. Ubiquitylation is involved in the detection and clearance of these bacteria as well as in the activation of innate immune and inflammatory signaling. Remarkably, all these defense responses seem to emanate from a dense layer of ubiquitin which coats the invading pathogens. In this review, we focus on the diverse group of host cell E3 ubiquitin ligases that help to tailor this ubiquitin coat. In particular, we address how the divergent ubiquitin conjugation mechanisms of these ligases contribute to the complexity of the anti-bacterial coating and the recruitment of different ubiquitin-binding effectors. We also discuss the activation and coordination of the different E3 ligases and which strategies bacteria evolved to evade the activities of the host ubiquitin system.

Indexed as

Mycobacterium tuberculosisUbiquitinSalmonella typhimuriumUbiquitinationUbiquitin-Protein LigasesUbiquitinUbiquitin-Protein LigasesE3 ligaseinnate immunitySalmonellaubiquitinxenophagy

Identifiers

PMID34515402
PMCPMC8567218
OpenAlexW3201186219

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.