Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34515115›Full record

ArticleInternational archives of allergy and immunology

A Multicenter Study of Prevalence and Risk Factors for Allergic Rhinitis in Primary School Children in 5 Cities of Hubei Province, China.

Xiaoting Tong, Huan Tong, Ling Gao, Yuqin Deng, Rong Xiang, Ruixiang Cen, Yan Zhao, Pengju Wang, Guo Li, Jingqiu Shen and 6 more

Open access · hybridAbstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in International archives of allergy and immunology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.3field-weighted citation impact, top 21% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Prevalence and risk factors ofThe World Allergy Organization journal · 2025
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.

Xiaoting TongDepartment of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, 897586607@qq.com.
Huan TongDepartment of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Ling GaoDepartment of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Yuqin DengDepartment of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Rong XiangDepartment of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Ruixiang CenHuangshi Center Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Edong Healthcare Group, Huangshi, China.
Yan ZhaoJingmen No. 1 People's Hospital, Jingmen, China.
Pengju WangXiangyang Center Hospital, Xiangyang, China.
Guo LiZaoyang No. 1 Renmin's Hospital, Xiangyang, China.
Jingqiu ShenThe first Hospital of Laohekou, Xiangyang, China.
Bisheng XuThe No. 1 General Hospital in Tian Men, Tianmen, China.
Benchao HeThe No. 1 General Hospital in Tian Men, Tianmen, China.
Yonggang KongDepartment of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Zezhang TaoDepartment of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Yu XuDepartment of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Hubei Medical Quality Control Center for Allergic Disease
Wuhan University · CNRenmin Hospital of Wuhan University · CNThe First People's Hospital of Tianmen · CNXiang Yang No.1 People's Hospital · CNFirst People’s Hospital of Jingmen · CNHubei Polytechnic University · CNXiangyang Central Hospital · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundFew data are available concerning the prevalence and risk factors for allergic rhinitis (AR) in school children in Hubei Province which is located in the central part of China. This study investigated the epidemiological features of AR among school children in Hubei Province.

methodsA cross-sectional questionnaire survey on AR in school children was carried out in 5 cities in Hubei Province by cluster sampling from June to September 2018. Questionnaires were filled out by children and their parents jointly. The diagnostic criteria of AR were according to the SFAR. Questions from the questionnaire were used to examine the pattern of AR. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the risk factors for childhood allergies.

resultsThe total prevalence rate of AR was 16.16%, with 24.31% (Wuhan), 4.34% (Xiangyang), 4.31% (Tianmen), 10.92% (Jingmen), and 11.42% (Huangshi), respectively. The prevalence of AR was positively correlated with gross domestic product per capita (p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that male, city of Wuhan, family history of allergy, food allergy, drug allergy, air purifier, exposure to dust, living in towns or urban area before 2 years old, maternal age for 26-35 years old, and frequent application of antibiotics increased the risk of AR, while daily outdoor time for 1-2 h, daily sleeping time >8 h, siblings, and breastfeeding for >6 months reduced the risk significantly.

conclusionWe found the apparent geographic variation of children allergies in Hubei Province. Both genetic and environment factors had impacts on the prevalence of AR in school children. Public policies should specifically target at the local risk factors for different areas.

Indexed as

SchoolsStudentsAllergensChildChild, PreschoolChinaComorbidityCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleOdds RatioPrevalencePublic Health SurveillanceRhinitis, AllergicRisk FactorsAllergensAllergic rhinitisChildrenEpidemiologyPrevalenceRisk factors

Identifiers

PMID34515115
PMCPMC8820425
OpenAlexW3199952817

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.