Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34514241›Full record

ArticleACS omega2021

Blind Spot: A Braille Patterned Novel Multiplex Lateral Flow Immunoassay Sensor Array for the Detection of Biothreat Agents.

E Randal Hofmann, Charles Davidson, Hsiu Chen, Melody Zacharko, Jay E Dorton, Gary K Kilper, Carcie Graves, Aleksandr E Miklos, Katherine Rhea, Joe Ma and 2 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in ACS omega, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
0.4field-weighted citation impact, top 43% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

E Randal HofmannEXCET, Inc., Springfield, Virginia 22150, United States.
Charles DavidsonSTC, Belcamp, Maryland 21017, United States.
Hsiu ChenMaxim Biomedical, Inc., Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States.
Melody ZacharkoUS Army Combat Capabilities Development Command, Chemical Biological Center, Edgewood, Maryland 21010, United States.
Jay E DortonHII-MDIS, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States.
Gary K KilperEXCET, Inc., Springfield, Virginia 22150, United States.
Carcie GravesHII-MDIS, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States.
Aleksandr E MiklosUS Army Combat Capabilities Development Command, Chemical Biological Center, Edgewood, Maryland 21010, United States.
Katherine RheaEXCET, Inc., Springfield, Virginia 22150, United States.
Joe MaMaxim Biomedical, Inc., Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States.
Bruce G GoodwinDefense Biological Product Assurance Office (DBPAO), Joint Program Executive Office (JPEO) for Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Defense (CBRND) Joint Project Lead (JPL) CBRND Enabling Biotechnologies (EB), Frederick, Maryland 21704, United States.
Shanmuga SozhamannanDefense Biological Product Assurance Office (DBPAO), Joint Program Executive Office (JPEO) for Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Defense (CBRND) Joint Project Lead (JPL) CBRND Enabling Biotechnologies (EB), Frederick, Maryland 21704, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6762-7874
United States Army Combat Capabilities Development Command · USMaxim Integrated (United States) · USMolecular Design International (United States) · USExcet (United States) · USLogistics Management Institute (United States) · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Lateral flow immunoassays (LFIs) are simple, point-of-care diagnostic devices used for detecting biological agents or other analytes of interest in a sample. LFIs are predominantly singleplex assays, interrogating one target analyte at a time. There is a need for multiplex LFI devices, e.g., a syndromic panel to differentiate pathogens causing diseases exhibiting similar symptoms. Multiplex LFI devices would be especially valuable in instances where sample quantity is limiting and reducing assay time and costs is critical. There are limitations to the design parameters and performance characteristics of a multiplex LFI assay with many horizontal test lines due to constraints in capillary flow dynamics. To address some of the performance issues, we have developed a spot array multiplex LFI using Braille format (hence called Blind Spot) and a sensor, MACAW (Modular Automated Colorimetric Analyses Widget), that can analyze and interpret the results. As a proof of concept, we created a multiplex toxin panel, for detecting three toxins, using two letter codes for each. The results indicated that the six-plex, triple toxin assay performs as well as singleplex assays. The sensor-based calls are better compared to human interpretation in discriminating and interpreting ambiguous test results correctly especially at lower antigen concentrations and from strips with blemishes.

Identifiers

PMID34514241
PMCPMC8427625
OpenAlexW3195700099

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.