ArticleNano today2021
Systemic antiviral immunization by virus-mimicking nanoparticles-decorated erythrocytes.
Article in Nano today, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biomaterial-based strategies targeting ferroptosis for alleviating intervertebral disc degeneration: Advances and perspectives.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2026Review
- Tailoring virus-inspired nanoparticles for advanced drug and gene delivery.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Tissue-specific gene delivery approaches.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2026Review
- Advances in immune cell-based therapeutic agents for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Targeted Drug Delivery to the Spleen and Its Implications for the Prevention and Treatment of Cancer.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Role of Chinese Medicine Monomers in Dry Eye Disease: Breaking the Vicious Cycle of Inflammation.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2025Review
- Nanotechnology-based strategies for vaccine development: accelerating innovation and delivery.Biomaterials translational · 2025Review
- Nanoparticle-Based Antiviral Vaccines for Chickens: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2025Review
- Cellular Nanoparticles Treat Coronavirus InfectionNano letters · 2024Article
- Microneedle-Delivered PDA@Exo for Multifaceted Osteoarthritis Treatment via PI3K-Akt-mTOR Pathway.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Preparation of superhydrophobic nanowires on polypropylene surfaceRSC advances · 2024Article
- Viral Mimicking Polyplexes as Hierarchical Unpacking Vectors for Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Lymphoid organ-targeted nanomaterials for immunomodulation of cancer, inflammation, and beyond.Chemical Society reviews · 2024Review
- The Application of Nanovaccines in Autoimmune Diseases.International journal of nanomedicine · 2024Review
- Polydopamine nanomaterials and their potential applications in the treatment of autoimmune diseases.Drug delivery · 2023Review
- Enzyme-Triggered Intestine-Specific Targeting Adhesive Platform for Universal Oral Drug Delivery.Advanced healthcare materials · 2023Article
- Polydopamine Nanoparticles Targeting Ferroptosis Mitigate Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Via Reactive Oxygen Species Depletion, Iron Ions Chelation, and GPX4 Ubiquitination Suppression.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Article
- Sono-Immunotherapy Mediated Controllable Composite Nano Fluorescent Probes Reprogram the Immune Microenvironment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.International journal of nanomedicine · 2023Article
- A SARS-CoV-2 oral vaccine development strategy based on the attenuated Salmonella type III secretion system.Journal of applied microbiology · 2022Article
- Aggregation-induced emission photosensitizer-based photodynamic therapy in cancer: from chemical to clinical.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
New vaccine technologies are urgently needed to produce safe and effective vaccines in a more timely manner to prevent future infectious disease pandemics. Here, we describe erythrocyte-mediated systemic antiviral immunization, a versatile vaccination strategy that boosts antiviral immune responses by using erythrocytes decorated with virus-mimetic nanoparticles carrying a viral antigen and a Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist. As a proof of concept, polydopamine nanoparticles were synthesized via a simple in situ polymerization in which the nanoparticles were conjugated with the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein S1 subunit and the TLR7/8 agonist R848. The resulting SARS-CoV-2 virus-mimetic nanoparticles were attached to erythrocytes via catechol groups on the nanoparticle. Erythrocytes naturally home to the spleen and interact with the immune system. Injection of the nanoparticle-decorated erythrocytes into mice resulted in greater maturation and activation of antigen-presenting cells, humoral and cellular immune responses in the spleen, production of S1-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies, and systemic antiviral T cell responses than a control group treated with the nanoparticles alone, with no significant negative side effects. These results show that erythrocyte-mediated systemic antiviral immunization using viral antigen- and TLR agonist-presenting polydopamine nanoparticles-a generalizable method applicable to many viral infections-is effective new approach to developing vaccines against severe infectious diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.