ArticleSafety science2021
Model-based assessment of the risks of viral transmission in non-confined crowds.
Article in Safety science, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comment to: Factors affecting SARS-CoV-2 transmission among face mask users.Einstein (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2025Article
- Propagation and control of congestion risk in scale-free networks based on information entropy.PloS one · 2024Article
- From Microscopic Droplets to Macroscopic Crowds: Crossing the Scales in Models of Short-Range Respiratory Disease Transmission, with Application to COVID-19.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Article
- Influences of obstacle factors on the transmission trends of respiratory infectious diseases in indoor public places.Journal of building engineering · 2023Article
- Agent-Based Simulation for Infectious Disease Modelling over a Period of Multiple Days, with Application to an Airport Scenario.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Article
- Risk assessment for long- and short-range airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2, indoors and outdoors.PNAS nexus · 2022Article
- Crowd dynamics research in the era of Covid-19 pandemic: Challenges and opportunities.Safety science · 2022Article
- Total shutdowns, targeted restrictions, or individual responsibility: How to promote social distancing in the COVID-19 Era?Journal of health economics · 2021Article
- COVID-19 lockdown and particle exposure of road users.Journal of transport & health · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This work assesses the risks of Covid-19 spread in diverse daily-life situations involving crowds of maskless pedestrians, mostly outdoors. More concretely, we develop a method to infer the global number of new infections from patchy observations, by coupling ad hoc spatial models for disease transmission via respiratory droplets to detailed field-data about pedestrian trajectories and head orientations. This allows us to rank the investigated situations by the infection risks that they present; importantly, the obtained hierarchy of risks is very largely conserved across transmission models: Street cafés present the largest average rate of new infections caused by an attendant, followed by busy outdoor markets, and then metro and train stations, whereas the risks incurred while walking on fairly busy streets are comparatively quite low. While our models only approximate the actual transmission risks, their converging predictions lend credence to these findings. In situations with a moving crowd, density is the main factor influencing the estimated infection rate. Finally, our study explores the efficiency of street and venue redesigns in mitigating the viral spread: While the benefits of enforcing one-way foot traffic in (wide) walkways are unclear, changing the geometry of queues substantially affects disease transmission risks.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.