ArticleCytokine2021
SARS-CoV-2 3C-like protease antagonizes interferon-beta production by facilitating the degradation of IRF3.
Article in Cytokine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Modulation of Host Innate Immune Response by Highly Pathogenic Human Coronaviruses during Viral Infection.Journal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Entry, replication and innate immunity evasion of BANAL-236, a SARS-CoV-2-related bat virus, in Rhinolophus and human cells.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- The role of SARS-CoV-2 main protease in innate immune regulation: From molecular mechanisms to therapeutic implications.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025Review
- The SARS-CoV-2 3CL protease inhibits pyroptosis through the cleavage of gasdermin D.Virologica Sinica · 2025Article
- A comprehensive review of current insights into the virulence factors of SARS-CoV-2.Journal of virology · 2025Review
- HCoV-229E Mpro Suppresses RLR-Mediated Innate Immune Signalling Through Cleavage of NEMO and Through Other Mechanisms.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Review
- Review
- Innate immune evasion strategies of SARS-CoV-2.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2023Review
- Interferon regulatory factor 3 mediates effective antiviral responses to human coronavirus 229E and OC43 infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Promising natural products against SARS-CoV-2: Structure, function, and clinical trials.Phytotherapy research : PTR · 2022Review
- Review
- SARS-CoV-2-Specific Immune Response and the Pathogenesis of COVID-19.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Progress of cGAS-STING signaling in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- African Swine Fever Virus MGF360-14L Negatively Regulates Type I Interferon Signaling by Targeting IRF3.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Spike Antagonizes Innate Antiviral Immunity by Targeting Interferon Regulatory Factor 3.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 is a great threat to global public health. However, the relationship between the viral pathogen SARS-CoV-2 and host innate immunity has not yet been well studied. The genome of SARS-CoV-2 encodes a viral protease called 3C-like protease. This protease is responsible for cleaving viral polyproteins during replication. In this investigation, 293T cells were transfected with SARS-CoV-2 3CL and then infected with Sendai virus (SeV) to induce the RIG-I like receptor (RLR)-based immune pathway. q-PCR, luciferase reporter assays, and western blotting were used for experimental analyses. We found that SARS-CoV-2 3CL significantly downregulated IFN-β mRNA levels. Upon SeV infection, SARS-CoV-2 3CL inhibited the nuclear translocation of IRF3 and p65 and promoted the degradation of IRF3. This effect of SARS-CoV-2 3CL on type I IFN in the RLR immune pathway opens up novel ideas for future research on SARS-CoV-2.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.