Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34508095›Full record

ArticleNature communications2021

Unified AI framework to uncover deep interrelationships between gene expression and Alzheimer's disease neuropathologies.

Nicasia Beebe-Wang, Safiye Celik, Ethan Weinberger, Pascal Sturmfels, Philip L De Jager, Sara Mostafavi, Su-In Lee

Open access · goldAbstract readValidation Study
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 21% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Meta-Analysis of Transcriptomic Studies of Blood and Six Brain Regions Identifies a Consensus of 15 Cross-Tissue Mechanisms in Alzheimer's Disease and Suggests an Origin of Cross-Study Heterogeneity.American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics · 2025
    Pooled it
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  7. A deep profile of gene expression across 18 human cancers.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Nicasia Beebe-WangPaul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7031-2665
Safiye CelikRecursion Pharmaceuticals, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Ethan WeinbergerPaul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Pascal SturmfelsPaul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Philip L De JagerDepartment of Neurology, Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8057-2505
Sara MostafaviPaul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. saramos@cs.washington.edu.
Su-In LeePaul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. suinlee@cs.washington.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5833-5215
University of Washington · USArrien Pharmaceuticals (United States) · USColumbia University Irving Medical Center · USUniversity of British Columbia · CA

Funding

Vascular Structure and Function in Cognitive AgingP01AG003949 · NIA · YESHIVA UNIVERSITY · PI Richard B. LIPTON · 1985 to 2026
$73.9M
SUPPLEMENT TO ALZHEIMERS DISEASE PATIENT REGISTRYU01AG006786 · NIA · MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER · PI GRAFF-RADFORD, JONATHAN, JACK, CLIFFORD R. · 1986 to 2023
$49.6M
SUPPLEMENT TO RUSH ALZHEIMERS DISEASE CENTER COREP30AG010161 · NIA · RUSH UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI BENNETT, DAVID ALAN · 1991 to 2020
$49.1M
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF NEURAL RESERVE AND NEUROBIOLOGY IN AGINGR01AG017917 · NIA · RUSH UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI BENNETT, DAVID ALAN · 2001 to 2023
$43.3M
THE PGRN/TDP-43 AXIS IN ALZHEIMER?S DISEASE AND NEURODEGENERATIONP50AG016574 · NIA · MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER · PI BU, GUOJUN · 1999 to 2018
$36.9M
Research Education ComponentP30AG019610 · NIA · SUN HEALTH RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI GONZALEZ HERNANDEZ, GRACIELA · 2001 to 2020
$32.5M
The Goizueta Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterP30AG066511 · NIA · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI Amy D Rodriguez · 2020 to 2026
$29.0M
Integrative Network Biology Approaches to Identify, Characterize and Validate Molecular Subtypes in Alzheimer's DiseaseU01AG046170 · NIA · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI WANG, MINGHUI, ZHANG, BIN · 2013 to 2022
$26.0M
The Emory Alzheimer's Disease CenterP50AG025688 · NIA · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI LEVEY, ALLAN I · 2005 to 2019
$25.7M
Integrating the exposome and methylome to inform brain molecular changes in ADRD across established diverse cohorts.U01AG046139 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA · PI ERTEKIN-TANER, NILUFER, PETERS, METTE · 2013 to 2022
$24.6M
RISK FACTORS, PATHOLOGY, AND CLINICAL EXPRESSIONS OF ADR01AG015819 · NIA · RUSH UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI BENNETT, DAVID ALAN · 1998 to 2024
$21.4M
Multi-omic network-directed proteoform discovery, dissection and functional validation to prioritize novel AD therapeutic targetsU01AG061356 · NIA · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI BENNETT, DAVID ALAN, DE JAGER, PHILIP L · 2018 to 2022
$13.7M
NIA NIH HHS P01 AG003949NIA NIH HHS P01 AG017216NIA NIH HHS P30 AG010161NIA NIH HHS P30 AG019610NIA NIH HHS P30 AG066511NIA NIH HHS P50 AG016574NIA NIH HHS P50 AG025688NIA NIH HHS P50 AG025711NIA NIH HHS R01 AG015819NIA NIH HHS R01 AG017917NIA NIH HHS R01 AG018023NIA NIH HHS R01 AG032990NIA NIH HHS R01 AG036836NIA NIH HHS R01 AG050986NIA NIH HHS R01 AG061132NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG057440NIA NIH HHS U01 AG006786NIA NIH HHS U01 AG046139NIA NIH HHS U01 AG046152NIA NIH HHS U01 AG046161NIA NIH HHS U01 AG046170NIA NIH HHS U01 AG061356NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM128638NINDS NIH HHS P30 NS055077NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS080820NINDS NIH HHS U24 NS072026
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Deep neural networks (DNNs) capture complex relationships among variables, however, because they require copious samples, their potential has yet to be fully tapped for understanding relationships between gene expression and human phenotypes. Here we introduce an analysis framework, namely MD-AD (Multi-task Deep learning for Alzheimer's Disease neuropathology), which leverages an unexpected synergy between DNNs and multi-cohort settings. In these settings, true joint analysis can be stymied using conventional statistical methods, which require "harmonized" phenotypes and tend to capture cohort-level variations, obscuring subtler true disease signals. Instead, MD-AD incorporates related phenotypes sparsely measured across cohorts, and learns interactions between genes and phenotypes not discovered using linear models, identifying subtler signals than cohort-level variations which can be uniquely recapitulated in animal models and across tissues. We show that MD-AD exploits sex-specific relationships between microglial immune response and neuropathology, providing a nuanced context for the association between inflammatory genes and Alzheimer's Disease.

Indexed as

Deep LearningAgedAged, 80 and overAlzheimer DiseaseAnimalsBrainCohort StudiesDatasets as TopicFemaleGene Expression RegulationHumansMaleMiceMicrogliaRNA-SeqSex Factors

Identifiers

PMID34508095
PMCPMC8433314
OpenAlexW3198412468

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.